Warm Up. 1) Complete the War of 1812 webquest that is located in Google Classroom. 2) You have 30 minutes to complete this assignment

Transcription

1 Warm Up 1) Complete the War of 1812 webquest that is located in Google Classroom 2) You have 30 minutes to complete this assignment 3) Don t waste time.

2 Madison and the War of 1812

3 James Madison I. Virginian farmer Madison, as President II. Democratic-Republican III. Sec. of State under Jefferson IV. Wrote the Federalist Papers V. Father of the Constitution Dolly Madison

4 Madison s Ideas I. Madison opposed to strong governments (strong executive, strong army) A. Afraid of tyranny, too much power II. Led the opposition against Hamilton s BUS & financial plan First US Bank, Philadelphia III. Strictly interpreted the Constitution IV. Worked w/ Jefferson to organize D-R Party

5 Election of 1808 I. Major Candidates: A. James Madison (Republican) B. Charles Pinckney (Federalist) II. Major Issues: Foreign RelaCons A. The USA is struggling to deal with other nacons (France, Great Britain & Spain) III. Madison wins the eleccon of 1808 and becomes the 4 th POTUS

6

7 The Madison Presidency I. Madison s first order of business was to decide to recharter the Bank of the US A. Madison and the D-Rs think it gives too much power to the government B. BUS is unconstitutional = strict interpretation C. Madison re-chartered the BUS in his 2 nd term II. Madison also had to deal with France and Great Britain continuing to attack American shipping A. France & England attack American ships since we lack a navy B. Non-Intercourse Act: USA will trade with everyone except France & Great Britain à repeal of Embargo Act 1807 C. Doesn t work à world doesn t respect the USA without a military

8 Impressment of American Seaman I. The British navy began a policy of impressment during Jefferson s presidency II. Impressment = pulling sailors off American ships and forcing them to serve in the British Navy à looking for deserters III. The Chesapeake-Leopard Affair (1807) was a perfect example of impressment of American sailors A. British ship HMS Leopard attacked American ship USS Chesapeake looking for sailors IV. The USA is outraged with the British government who is refusing to respect American shipping

9 War Is Coming I. Madison tried to avoid war w/ Britain but it didn t work II. G.B + France continued to harass US shipping III. Madison ideas conflicted with the War Hawks A. War Hawks were young D- Rs from western & southern states B. Desired war with Great Britain to make them respect us C. Led by John C. Calhoun & Henry Clay

10 War of 1812 I. By 1812 Madison and the U.S.A. realized war was the only option II. Madison built public support for a war with Great Britain A. The USA does not have enough money for war (army, navy, forts, militias III. US declared war on Great Britain June 12, 1812 A. The War of 1812 B. Mr. Madison s War C. Second War of Independence

11 Causes of the War of 1812 I. Causes of War of 1812 A. Impressment of Americans B. American hatred of British C. British Support of Native Americans on the American frontier D. American desires for Canada & Florida E. Diplomacy Failed i. Embargo Act 1807 ii. Non-Intercourse Act iii. Chesapeake Leopard Affair

12 The War With Great Britain I. Benefits A. End impressment of sailors B. Allow the US to trade with Europe C. Increase national pride D. Gain international respect for the USA E. Take Canada for the USA F. Stick it to the British I. Drawbacks A. American military was very small (Jefferson) B. Great Britain is still the most powerful nation in the world C. The USA could lose territory à Louisiana D. The USA could lose independence

13 Key Battles I. American troops invaded Canada II. US Burns Canadian capital: York (now Toronto) A. Disrespectful and capturing a capital typically wins a war III. USA navy defeated the British at the Battle of Lake Erie A. This gave the US control of the Great Lakes IV. Britain Blockades the Eastern Seaboard A. This prevented shipping from leaving, and made the war unpopular in the Northeast where shipping and trading were important B. The British blockade also led to increases in American manufacturing since we couldn t purchase goods from overseas

14 Washington Burned I. In August 1814, British Forces Sailed into Chesapeake Bay and captured the US capital Washington D.C. II. British burnt the White House and the Capitol Building III. Major defeat for the United States IV. British begin march north to Baltimore to take more territory

15 Battle of Fort McHenry I. Baltimore was ready for the British when they arrived II. The local militia inflicted heavy casualties on the British soldiers and the British navy began bombing the fort III. After bombarding Fort McHenry on September 13, 1814 The British abandon the attack IV. Francis Scott Key witnessed the bombardment and penned a poem.

16 Oh, say can you see by the dawn's early light What so proudly we hailed at the twilight's last gleaming? Whose broad stripes and bright stars thru the perilous fight, O'er the ramparts we watched were so gallantly streaming? And the rocket's red glare, the bombs bursting in air, Gave proof through the night that our flag was still there. Oh, say does that star-spangled banner yet wave O'er the land of the free and the home of the brave?

17 Hartford Convention I. New England states are unhappy with the War of 1812 A. The war is stopping trade & commerce B. New England states make money by trading II. New England states met in Hartford, CT to determine whether or not they would remain loyal to the U.S. III. New England states discuss secession A. Leaving the USA B. Making their own country due to the war of 1812 IV. War ends before anything is done V. Federalist party dies at the Hartford Convention

18 Treaty of Ghent I. Officially ended the War of 1812 II. Treaty was Negotiated in Europe and was signed on Dec. 24, 1814 III. The War ended in a stalemate, where no party gained or lost any territory. IV. The issue of impressment was not addressed, but faded on its own.

19 Battle of New Orleans I. Fought after the treaty was signed (but not ratified) II. New Orleans is an important trading city III. American victory over British IV. Made Andrew Jackson a National hero and household name V. Ensured treaty ratification

20 The War of 1812: Turning Point in US History I. Upsurge in nationalism II. Upsurge in industrialization III. Upsurge in western settlement IV. National attention focused on internal development

21 The Impact of the War of 1812 I. A sense of nationalism sweeps America. A. Nationalism is a belief and sense of pride in one s country based on it s achievements. II. III. IV. The nation will continue foreign trade and begin to build a transportation system in the United States. Native American resistance is removed opening the Midwest for American expansion Created a hero in Andrew Jackson V. Gave the USA a national anthem!