November zulu Delta foxtrot. deployments. WHite Paper. Commited to peace on 16 missions. Shaping the future for Defence

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1 An update from the New Zealand Defence Force NZDF: November zulu Delta foxtrot An A-Z guide deployments Commited to peace on 16 missions WHite Paper Shaping the future for Defence capable and effective The Navy contributes to maritime security through patrol, surveillance and interception operations no light-weight Weighing 20 tonnes and able to fire 3 rounds a second, the Army s LAV should not be taken lightly Air Power Ten RNZAF aircraft were involved in the tri-service earthquake assistance effort in Christchurch April 2011 Issue #6

2 contents contents Alpha sierra 4 acronyms 29 SAS 8/9 echo One Force provides information about the New Zealand Defence Force and activities of our personnel around the world. The opinions expressed by individuals in One Force are not necessarily those of the New Zealand Defence Force or the Ministry of Defence. The NZSAS unit was established in 1955 as a professional New Zealand Army unit capable of undertaking unconventional warfare. earthquake assist We welcome the reproduction of articles and photos within this magazine if permission from the Editor is sought. victor 32 cross victoria Editor: Sarah Chandler Defence Communications Group Tel: sarah.chandler@nzdf.mil.nz Design and Layout: Duncan Allan Defence Communications Group hotel ISBN: An update from the New Zealand Defence Force NZDF: NOVEMBER ZULU DELTA FOXTROT a helicopters Two new Agusta Westland A109 Light Utility Helicopters (LUH) arrived in New Zealand recently from Milan Italy. An A-Z guide DEPLOYMENTS Commited to peace on 16 missions WHITE PAPER november Shaping the future for Defence APRIL CAPABLE AND EFFECTIVE NO LIGHT-WEIGHT AIR POWER 2011 The Navy contributes to maritime security through patrol, surveillance and interception operations Weighing 20 tonnes and able to fire 3 rounds a second, the Army s LAV should not be taken lightly Ten RNZAF aircraft were involved in the tri-service earthquake assistance effort in Christchurch #6 Cover Image: Soldiers deploying to Afghanistan are wearing the latest, battletested soldier survivability gear and its related equipment. The gear is part of an ongoing five-year programme and delivery of equipment. The improvements in the kit means soldiers are significantly more comfortable, lighter and stronger. See p force ISSUE 20 chiefs new Changes at the top of the Defence Force see Major General Tim Keating become Chief of Army and Air Vice Marshal Peter Stockwell take over leadership of the RNZAF. Reluctant hero Corporal Willie Apiata is New Zealand s only living recipient of the VC for NZ, awarded in July NZ Army 24 Royal New Zealand Navy 26 Royal New Zealand Air Force 31 UNTSO 33 White Paper 34 youth supervising peace Solutions within development programmes 35 CAREER CHOICE Choice Careers

3 cdf foreword The Defence Force is New Zealand s most effective crisis response force. The Defence White Paper released in November 2010 noted that the New Zealand Defence Force is the only agency of state that maintains disciplined forces available at short notice and that operates large-scale and integrated fleets of vehicles, ships, and aircraft. It went on to describe the Defence Force s capacity this way: Its military equipment and the high quality of its people makes the New Zealand Defence Force a disciplined national asset of considerable utility. As I look at the first few months of 2011, how accurate that description has proved. Not only did we continue to demonstrate our value on international deployments, especially our larger commitments in Afghanistan, the Solomon Islands and Timor-Leste, we successfully rotated troops through these deployments, demonstrating New Zealand s ongoing commitment to a range of bilateral and multinational activities with like-minded nations in our region and beyond. Simultaneously, we undertook our largest ever humanitarian mission in New Zealand, in the wake of the Christchurch earthquake in February. building new zealand s understanding of their defence force At the peak of our response operation nearly 1800 Defence Force personnel Regular Force, Reserve Force, and Civilians were directly involved on the ground in Christchurch. Behind these people were many more working in support of the operation at Devonport, Burnham, Linton, Wellington, Ohakea, and Whenuapai. Four Royal New Zealand Navy ships HMNZS CANTERBURY, HMNZS PUKAKI, HMNZS OTAGO and HMNZS RESOLUTION - were tasked to the response. From the Army 77 Unimog trucks, 47 Pinzgauer Light Operational Vehicles (LOV), and 28 Light Armoured Vehicles (LAV) were dispatched. And 10 RNZAF aircraft were involved over the course of the operation, including Boeing 757s, C-130 Hercules, Iroquois helicopters, P-3K Orion and Kingair moving a total of 4278 passengers and 121,968kg of freight. This was an around-the-clock mobilisation of people and equipment. As I said at the time to all members of the Defence Force, while the circumstances around this deployment were truly terrible, I believe the people of New Zealand and especially those in Christchurch, got to see their Defence Force at its very best. More recently, a contingent of Defence Force personnel headed for the Pacific onboard HMNZS CANTERBURY, as part of the US-led Pacific Partnership. Pacific Partnership is a Humanitarian Assistance and Disaster Response (HADR) exercise, aimed at increasing interoperability between the US, New Zealand, Australian and French forces, while carrying out civil aid taskings in Tonga, Vanuatu, Timor-Leste, Papua New Guinea and the Federated States of Micronesia. This is a very tangible contribution from New Zealand to nation building within New Zealand s area of greatest strategic interest the Pacific. Despite these highly visible activities, and the high level of support the Defence Force enjoys from the public generally, we do know that the public wants to know more about what exactly their Defence Force does. Barriers to understanding include the complexity of the world in which the Defence Force operates, as well as the need for us to guard some information carefully so that we might not give adversaries (real or potential) an advantage. It s also true that we often speak a funny language acronyms and initialisms which can be impenetrable to outsiders. Some of these things we can do something about, and that s really the rationale behind this latest edition of One Force. In this A Z edition we look at what makes the Defence Force unique and special, as well as trying to explain some of the key concepts that underpin the Defence Force s world. We hope it helps to further build New Zealand s understanding of their Defence Force. Lieutenant General R.R Jones Chief of Defence Force 1force 3

4 Alpha Agile Force: Being an agile force sits at the heart of the culture and strategy of the New Zealand Defence Force. This means quickly and efficiently adapting to changes when required, be that in our thinking, our planning, our training, or on operations. Our capacity to plan and execute operations rapidly, flexibly and effectively is vital. Being a small but highly professional Defence Force, agility is an essential operating concept. The concept of agility also complements our Defence Force values: Comradeship, Commitment, Courage and Integrity. Acronyms It might seem like people in the military speak a different language to civilians. That s because we re known for using acronyms, though more often the abbreviations you re hearing aren t actually acronyms but initialisms (the latter being abbreviations made up of initial letters pronounced separately). So why do we use them? Well, they help us work quickly and process information readily. They are often easier to remember than their full version. While the military is known for using acronyms and initialisms, their use goes back as far as the Roman Republic when Senatus Populusque Romanus was abbreviated to SPQR. The way the Defence Force uses acronyms is not much different to the way today s teenagers use language in their text messages. So if someone in the Defence Force asks if you ve ever been introduced to DCAF they aren t talking about the coffee, but the Deputy Chief of the Air Force! Here s some other popular abbreviations the New Zealand Defence Force uses: CDF Chief of Defence Force VCDF Vice Chief of Defence Force CN Chief of Navy CA Chief of Army CAF Chief of Air Force COMJFNZ Commander of Joint Forces New Zealand TS Top Secret SAS Special Air Services SOPs Standard Operating Procedures SAR Search and Rescue MoD NATO NZDS EEZ HQNZDF IED DMZ CO LT CPO Ministry of Defence North Atlantic Treaty Organisation New Zealand Defence Staff Exclusive Economic Zone Headquarters New Zealand Defence Force Improvised Explosive Device Demilitarised Zone Commanding Officer Lieutenant Chief Petty Officer MAJ SQNLDR LT GEN PT NZPRT AC Dev AC SCI DFO Major Squadron Leader Lieutenant General Physical Training New Zealand Provincial Reconstruction Team Assistant Chief Development Assistant Chief Strategic Commitments and Intelligence Defence Force Order 4 1force

5 Bravo bases & Camps 1 WHENUAPAI AIR FORCE BASE Home to: No 5 Squadron (6x P-3K Orion aircraft); No 6 Squadron (5x SH-2G Seasprite helicopters); No 40 Squadron (2x Boeing 757; 5x C-130 Hercules); Expeditionary Support Squadron; Logistics Command (Air); 485 Wing; Integrated Mission Support Squadron; Aviation Medical Unit; RNZAF Parachute Training and Support Unit; Training school for Force Protection Military Working Dogs DEVONPORT NAVAL BASE Home to: Naval Support Command; RNZN Naval College; Joint Geospatial Facility; HMNZS Dockyard; Naval Combat Forces (2x frigates: HMNZS Te Kaha, HMNZS Te Mana); Naval Support Forces (1 x amphibious sealift HMNZS Canterbury; 1x fleet replenishment vessel HMNZS Endeavour); Littoral Warfare Support Group (HMNZS Resolution, Mine Countermeasures and Diving Forces, support vessel HMNZS ManawaNUi)); Defence Technology Agency, Logistics Command (Maritime); Navy Museum. PAPAKURA MILITARY CAMP Home to: 1 NZ SAS Group; Auckland Regional Support Group. WAIOURU MILITARY CAMP 12 Home to: Headquarters New Zealand Land Training and Doctrine Group (HQ (NZ) LTDG), Land Operations Training Centre, Combat School, School of Army Administration, Joint Service Catering School, The Army Depot, Officer Cadet School New Zealand, NZ Army Simulation Centre, National Army Marae, National Army Museum, Waiouru Support Compan and 4 Health Services Company. OHAKEA AIR FORCE BASE Home to: No.3 Squadron (13x UH-1H Iroquois helicopters; 5x Bell 47G Sioux helicopters); Flying Training Wing (13x Airtrainers); 488 Wing; No 42 Squadron (5x Beech King Air). LINTON MILITARY CAMP Home to: HQ 2nd Land Force Group; 1st Royal New Zealand Infantry Regiment; 16th Field Regiment (artillery and air defence), 2nd Engineer Regiment; 1NZ Signals Regiment ; 2nd Logistics Battalion; 2nd Health Services Battalion (NZ); Lodger units: 2nd Military Police; Linton Regional Support Centre; School of Military Engineering; School of Signals; School of Artillery; NZ Army Simulation Centre; Collective Training Centre; Driver Training Wing, 2nd Regional Training Wing, Defence Learning Centre (Linton). Hokowhitu Home to: Training & Education Directorate HQ; NZ Defence Force Training Systems School; Tactical School; School of Military Intelligence Trentham Defence Area Home to: Headquarters Joint Forces New Zealand; Trentham Regional Support Battalion; 1st NZ Military Police Company; Trade Training School; 1st NZ Military Intelligence 11 Company; Logistics Command (Land); Logistics Command (Common Lines); NZ Defence Force Explosive Ordnance School; Command & Staff College; Defence Shared Services. WELLINGTON Headquarters New Zealand Defence Force. Home to: Planning Branch; Strategic Commitments and Intelligence Branch; Development Branch; Communications and Information Systems Branch; Legal; Navy staff; Air staff; Army General Staff; Ministry of Defence; Office of Chief of Defence Force; Defence Library; Defence Commmunications Group; Security; HQ Logistics Command; Directorate of Logistics Policy; Capability Branch; Defence Recruiting Organsation; Defence Force Human Resources Service Centre (Upper Hutt); Defence Personnel Executive; VANZ; Corporate Finance. WOODBOURNE AIR FORCE BASE Home to: Ground Training Wing; Training Support Squadron; Command & Recruit Training Squadron; Logistics Squadron; NZ Defence Force Physical Education and Recreational Training School. BURNHAM MILITARY CAMP Home to: HQ 3rd Land Force Group; Queen Alexandra s Mounted Rifles (Armoured Reconnaissance);2nd/1st Battalion (infantry); 3rd Field Troop (2nd Engineer Regiment); 3rd Signals Squadron; 3rd Logistics Battalion; 3rd Health Services Battalion; 3rd Military Police Platoon; Burnham Regional Support Centre; NZ Army Band; NZDF Health School; Army Adventure Training Centre; Army Leadership Centre; Youth Development Unit. Tekapo Military Training Area force 5

6 charlie Cadet Forces Teenage girls and boys make up the cadets of Cadet Forces. There are 102 cadet units in New Zealand and each unit has a uniformed voluntary cadet officer in charge, a number of assisting cadet officers and staff, and a support committee of dedicated mothers and fathers. Cadet Forces comprise the Sea Cadet Corps, the New Zealand Cadet Corps and the Air Training Corps. Cadet Forces is a voluntary, uniformed organisation that provides a safe environment in which young people can develop as individuals, gaining a sense of self worth, integrity, and confidence by acquiring skills and achieving goals, while also having fun. Although the Cadet Forces are not part of the New Zealand Defence Force as such, it is directed by the Chief of Defence Force on behalf of the Minister of Defence. The first Cadet unit began in 1864, making it one of the oldest youth service organisations in New Zealand. Cadet Forces activities range from First Aid, navigation and drill, to aviation, sailing and marksmanship. Through adventure and teamwork young people develop a self confidence and respect for others that is valuable in either service or civilian life. Find out more at Capability New Zealand s defence circumstances are unique. We need to be able to deploy defence equipment and personnel across the vast space we look after from Antarctica to the equator. While our immediate region is considered low threat, we deploy and sustain our forces in far away places with unstable, potentially hostile environments. We also need to be prepared to lead operations in the region if necessary. To do this we need Capability that s the personnel, ships, planes, helicopters and armoured vehicles vital to the operation of our Defence Force now and in the future. The recent Defence White Paper looks forward to anticipate the capabilities we need to deploy on operations at home and abroad over the next 25 years. Future capability needs to be flexible and prioritised because of the size and complexity of the budget. Some key elements of proposed Capability from the Defence White Paper include: ANZAC frigates upgraded then replaced at end of life Specialist construction and combat engineer squadrons created Introducing the NH90 medium utility and A109 light utility helicopters Satellite imagery capability 6 1force

7 Delta Deployments New Zealand Defence Force personnel are currently deployed overseas on 16 peacekeeping operations, UN missions and defence exercises across 11 countries, from Timor-Leste and Solomon Islands in the nearby Pacific to as far away as the Middle East, Korea and Afghanistan. All overseas deployments are co-ordinated and run by Joint Forces New Zealand. Once deployed, all Defence Force personnel are under the control of Commander Joint Forces New Zealand. Operational deployments are directed by Government requirements and are supported by all three Services. Types of deployments vary from large force elements and contingents to individuals, observers, advisors, attaches, instructors, and headquarters staff. The planning, conduct and sustaining of operations presently includes maintaining operations in Afghanistan, supporting United Nations and Peace Keeping operations around the world, and promoting stability in the South Pacific. The Defence Force posts a summary of current deployments at: Defence Leadership Leadership helps make the Defence Force a credible military force and allows us to undertake the missions we do and achieve the successes we enjoy in times of peace and conflict. Defence Force people are trained to extremely high standards. We develop leaders to think smart, to influence others, to work in teams and to develop a leadership culture right across the New Zealand Defence Force. The professional development of our future leaders is an important initiative to ensure that we remain ready to achieve our mission of keeping New Zealand secure. We expect our leaders to be of the right character. For us, character is based on the ethos of service to our country and values that reflect the qualities that we all expect of each other on the battlefield and at home courage, comradeship, commitment and integrity. We expect our leaders to care enough to place the welfare of their people before their own. They must respect and earn the respect of their men and women, and their colleagues, through leading by example. The Defence Force Leadership Board (DFLB) is the primary governance body of the Defence Force, chaired by the Chief of Defence Force. The DFLB is made up of a team of people which include the Vice Chief of Defence Force, the Chiefs of the Navy, Army, Air Force, the Commander of Joint Forces New Zealand, and two civilians: the General Manager of Organisational Support and the Chief Financial Officer. 1force 7

8 Echo Earthquake Assist The New Zealand Defence Force assistance effort in the wake of the devastating Christchurch earthquake of 22 February is the largest response in people and equipment we have made to a domestic humanitarian crisis. Chief of Defence Force Lieutenant General Rhys Jones told the people of Christchurch at the outset that the Defence Force, working closely with other agencies, would help out in anyway we could. Nearing the end of the initial response phase, MAJ GEN Jones told all members of the Defence Force: While the circumstances around the deployment to Christchurch are truly terrible, the people of New Zealand and especially those in Christchurch saw their Defence Force at its best. We were able to provide harbour surveyors and a Navy dive team, engineers, medical specialists, fire fighters, an EOD element, logistics support, caterers, cordon security, water production, forensic dentists, VIP travel support, and many more specialist tasks. We were also able to offer the assistance of our assets, some of which were already in the area for an exercise. The presence of HMNZS CANTERBURY, OTAGO, RESOLUTION and PUKAKI helped bring a sense of reassurance to the people of Lyttelton. Not only soldiers but also Army LAVs and LOVs became commonplace sights on the streets of Christchurch. Meanwhile, the Air Force s Boeing 757, C-130 Hercules, Iroquois and King Air aircraft provided airlift, aero-medical evacuation and VIP transportation. At the peak of the operations, 1768 NZ Defence Force personnel (239 Navy, 1379 Army and 150 Air Force regular force plus Territorial/Reserve personnel) were assisting in Christchurch. More Defence Force personnel worked behind the scenes at Burnham, Wellington, Linton, Ohakea, Devonport and Whenuapai. Navy Fortunately Four Royal New Zealand Navy ships, HMNZS CANTERBURY, PUKAKI, OTAGO and RESOLUTION were already in the affected area. CANTERBURY was able to transport 1707 tonnes of vehicles and equipment and 409 personnel in and out of Lyttelton. Army Army catering staff produced more than 5000 meals per day for Police, Fire Service, Search and Rescue teams and military personnel. 77 Unimogs, 47 Pinzgauer Light Operational Vehicles (LOV) and 28 Light Armoured Vehicles (LAV) formed part of the response, with Unimogs mostly used for the transportation of equipment and stores. 129 Singapore Armed Forces personnel assisted the Defence Force on the cordon. Air 10 RNZAF aircraft were involved over the course of the operation; Boeing 757s, C-130 Hercules, King Air, Iroquois helicopters and P-3K Orion. The C-130 and B757 aircraft moved 4,278 passengers and 26,8894 lbs of freight (a combined total weight of 67,4639 lbs). 8 1force

9 Christchurch Mayor Bob Parker visited HMNZS CANTERBURY alongside in Lyttelton and was unreserved in his praise for the way in which the NZ Defence Force responded to the earthquake. The whole spread of Defence Force contribution to this event has been outstanding. I am absolutely moved, and full of praise. We couldn t be doing this if we didn t have Defence Force support. What we learned in the first quake on 4 September was that we were able to involve the Territorial Force - and they made the world of difference. Our community was so grateful to see our young Defence people there, when they normally see them on TV when they are overseas. The Navy, Air Force and Army have been utterly outstanding. 1force 9

10 Foxtrot FIFTY YEARS OF SERVICE In January this year three servicemen celebrated 50 years of service in the Defence Force. Warrant Officer Class Two (Rtd) Peter Niall CPOET LEN BILTON, BEM Chief Petty Officer Electronic Technician (CPOET) Len Bilton s service to the Royal New Zealand Navy has spanned uninterrupted 50 years. His unique achievement demonstrates an exemplary commitment to the Navy. CPOET Bilton joined the RNZN as an Artificer Apprentice in During his apprenticeship he was posted to HMNZS MAORI in London, to undertake technical training at the Royal Navy Weapons Electrical establishment HMS COLLINGWOOD. His initial sea time was spent in HMNZS TARANAKI. During a Far East deployment in 1966 in the TARANAKI, Len participated in a Borneo and Malaysian Confrontation Patrol and was awarded the General Service Medal with Borneo Clasp. He was later awarded the Pingat Jasar Malaysia Medal for his contribution during Confrontation. He is now back at work as the Ship Manager in the Repair and Maintenance Group for HMNZ Ships RESOLUTION and MANAWANUI. Warrant Officer Class Two (Rtd) Peter Niall retired in January 2011 after clocking up almost 53 years of service to the NZ Army, first as a soldier and then as a civilian. In a career stretching back to 1955, Peter enlisted in the Army as a Physical Training Instructor. During Peter s military career, he represented Army in Combined Services and Provincial-level sports. Peter was well known for assisting military personnel who struggled to meet the minimum fitness levels. I was strict. A couple of lads used to say oh not him again but although it was hard, it was enjoyable. Pete s last position in uniform was as a Company Sergeant Major with the first Limited Service Volunteer (LSV) intake in Linton. After a two year break he returned to Linton as a civilian storeman with 2nd Logistic Battalion. Peter hopes to spend more time with family as he ponders his plans for the next 20 years. Squadron Leader Jim Jennings Squadron Leader Jim Jennings achieved fifty years of continuous, uniformed service in the Royal New Zealand Air Force in January. The day was marked by a flight in a Harvard aircraft followed by a surprise lunch attended by CAF, DCAF (see Acronyms!), family, and friends. Jim s RNZAF career included flying Vampire, Skyhawk and Strikemaster aircraft and service as a Flying Instructor on Pilot Training Squadron. Jim has completed several overseas tours and commanded the RNZAF transport detachment for the United Nations in Iran. He has also completed a variety of postings at Base Ohakea and is currently employed as the Operations Service Manager. Squadron Leader Jennings has been awarded the United Nations Medal: Iran/Iraq Military Observer Group, the New Zealand Armed Forces Award, and has been appointed a member of the New Zealand Order of Merit. 10 1force

11 Golf Gallipoli Gallipoli is an important site for many New Zealanders and is especially poignant for members of the Defence Force, past, and present. It was there in 1915 that we fought alongside the Australians (in an ANZAC formation) for nine months in very difficult terrain. Almost 3,000 New Zealand soldiers died on the Gallipoli peninsula and every year, on 25 April Anzac Day New Zealanders mark the anniversary of the Gallipoli landings, in New Zealand and overseas. A New Zealand contingent, which usually includes the Prime Minister, Defence Force personnel, dignitaries, veterans and interested young New Zealanders, travels to the site each year to attend ceremonies, visit sites and remember those who fought in both that conflict and subsequent conflicts. Although the ANZACs were not victorious during the Gallipoli campaign and many lives were lost, it has served as an early identifier of the strong and lasting mate-ship between New Zealanders and Australians. For a virtual tour of the Gallipoli Peninsula please visit: Gunners In 1864 the first recorded unit of New these gunners have undergone a Zealand Artillery was formed in Auckland number of changes in shape, size and as part of a volunteer force. From that location. Contemporary gunners are time on New Zealand Artillery units located at 16th Field Regiment, part of 2nd have illustrated the Commonwealth Land Force Group at Linton camp. 16th motto of Ubique or everywhere, by Field Regiment was formed in 1950 as literally participating in every operational part of the original K Force deployment deployment and action. Since its formation to the Korea War with volunteers called for from the remnants of those who deployed during World War II. In 1951 one of the most significant battles of the conflict was fought at Kapyong where the 16th Field Regiment earned the Korean Presidential Citation for its gallant performance during the battle. Following the Korean War 16th Field Regiment units were involved in the Vietnam conflict, again distinguishing itself by earning a Vietnamese Presidential Citation and a US Army Meritorious Citation making it one of the most decorated units in New Zealand. Today s Kiwi gunners continue this level of commitment and service. In 2001 they deployed to Timor-Leste as a re-roled infantry battalion conducting low level security operations and in 2006 and 2007 deployed two Provincial Reconstruction Teams to Afghanistan. These deployments demonstrate Kiwi soldiers serving New Zealand overseas can make a difference and still epitomize the traditional gunner motto, Ubique. 1force 11

12 Hotel Helicopter: A109 Helicopters arrive in New Zealand Two new Agusta Westland A109 Light Utility Helicopters (LUH) arrived in New Zealand recently from Milan, Italy. These are the first of five that will make up the A109LUH (NZ) fleet, based at Ohakea. The A109 helicopters, delivered to the Royal New Zealand Air Force, are a part of a new rotary wing capability that will eventually replace the RNZAF s Bell Sioux and Iroquois helicopters. The A109 is a lightweight, twin-engine helicopter with a modern glass cockpit and a retractable wheeled undercarriage. A glass cockpit features electronic instument displays rather than the traditional gauges. The primary role of the A109LUH is to provide both Air Force and Navy pilots and Helicopter Crewmen with cost-effective training for operational aircrew on the larger NH90, or the SH-2G(NZ) Seasprite. The A109 is part of a training system that also includes computer based training, a virtual interactive procedural trainer and a simulator. In addition to the training role, the A109LUH will have various operational roles in support of Defence Force services and relevant Government agencies such as NZ Police, Rescue Coordination Centre New Zealand, Department of Conservation, NZ Customs/Immigration Service and the Ministries of Civil Defence and Emergency Management, Foreign Affairs and Trade. The helicopters will now undergo a period of operational test and evaluation. Hercules MANUFACTURER POWER PLANT LENGTH WINGSPAN HEIGHT BASIC WEIGHT GROSS WEIGHT MAX PAYLOAD MAX FUEL FERRY RANGE TYPICAL RANGE CRUISING SPEED OPERATIONAL ALTITUDE CREW PASSENGER CONFIGURATION MEDIVAC CONFIGURATION FREIGHT CONFIGURATION Lockheed (USA) 4 x Allison T56-A-15 engines (4,910 shaft horsepower) 29.8m (98ft) 40.5m (133ft) 11.7m (38ft) 34,927kgs (77,000lbs) 70,307kgs (155,000lbs) 17,250kgs (38,000lbs) 28,540kgs (62,920lbs) Approx 7,400km (4,000NM) Range of approx 4,100km (2,200NM) with payload of 12,700Kgs (28,000Ibs) 555 km/h (300kts) Sea level - 12,802m (42,000ft) Two pilots, one navigator, one flight engineer and two loadmasters 92 Troops or 64 Paratroops 74 stretchers 6 cargo pallets The Royal New Zealand Air Force has five C-130 Hercules aircraft. They re used for strategic air transport, disaster relief and humanitarian operations, tactical air transport, VIP transport, aeromedical evacuation, supporting the NZ Antarctic programme and Civil Defence support in New Zealand and the South Pacific. C-130s are regularly involved in tactical flying exercises to ensure their aircrews are familiar with the type of flying used on operations, including on overseas deployments. Training on exercises means crews will perform with confidence when it comes to flying in combat situations or disaster relief. C-130 Hercules Flight Commander Squadron Leader Andy Scott says. Currently the C-130 aircraft are undergoing a modernisation and structural improvement programme (life extension programme) to ensure they continue to be our workhorses of the skies. 12 1force

13 india I.T. Information Technology The Defence Force needs to be connected in order to do its job here in New Zealand and around the world. Maintaining our communication channels, landlines, mobile phones and computer networks is the job of the Communications and Information Systems (CIS) Branch. Defence Force computer networks span the globe and connect all camps and bases in New Zealand with our sites overseas. These networks have more than 10,000 computers and thousands of other devices connected to them. Our forces on the ground, our ships at sea and our planes in the air can also be connected to this computer network. This allows rapid transfer of information between forces away, their home base, friends and family. Part of this network is a system of satellite dishes that we call Land Earth Stations (LES). These dishes connect personnel overseas to the network via satellites. The Defence Force has both civilian and uniformed people working in IT. Some of the jobs people do in CIS Branch involve repairing computers, designing our own software, monitoring the network, testing software, computer security and working on the help desk. Inshore Patrol Vessels Key Characteristics of the IPVs Displacement: 340 tonnes Length Overall: 55 metres Beam: 9 metres Speed: 25 knots Range: 3,000 nautical miles Complement: Core ship s company: 20 Government agencies: 4 Additional personnel: 12 Some stats: here s what the IPVs have used in some key goods since Rotoiti was commissioned in April 2009: Toilet rolls: 6238 Bread loaves: 9,544 Milk litres: 6580 Diesel litres: 3,222 New Zealand s Navy has four Inshore Patrol Vessels: ROTOITI, HAWEA, PUKAKI and TAUPO. They are highly capable ships, seen frequently around New Zealand s coast and ports. Inshore Patrol Vessels conduct maritime surveillance in support of other New Zealand government agencies such as Customs and Fisheries, and they often embark staff from these agencies. They patrol New Zealand s Exclusive Economic Zone (EEZ) from the shore to approximately 200 nautical miles. The IPVS have a top speed of 25 knots and can travel 3,000 nautical miles but since fresh food and frozen stores for a full crew lasts only about 10 days, they are often brought back to shore to replenish their stocks. 1force 13

14 juliet Joint Forces New Zealand The Defence Force s national strategic headquarters are in Wellington, but all operational missions undertaken by New Zealand Defence Force around the world are coordinated through the Joint Force Headquarters located at Trentham, near the Army camp in Upper Hutt. Headquarters Joint Forces New Zealand (HQ JFNZ) was established at Trentham in 2001 to support the Commander Joint Forces New Zealand, who is in charge of all deployable New Zealand Defence Force elements. The Commander may be selected from any of the three Services, and is responsible to the Chief of the Defence Force for operationallevel command and control of combined international operations and exercises. HQ JFNZ also supports single Service component commanders in the planning, headquarters undertakes operational-level command and conduct of tactical-level contingency planning and implements operations and exercises. The three the Defence exercise and activity single-service component commanders: programme. HQ JFNZ also administers the Maritime Component Commander, the the HOMEBASE website. HOMEBASE Land Component Commander, and the Air supports deployed personnel, their Component Commander, are responsible families and others who work to support to COMJFNZ, and their respective Service them while they are away, by providing Chiefs, for generating and sustaining their respective Service s capabilities. information to support and empower them during a deployment As well as supervising the conduct of operations and exercises, Joint Force see New face at the top for Joint Forces On 1 May 2011 Brigadier Arthur David (Dave) Gawn takes over from Air Vice Marshal Peter Stockwell (who was recently appointed Chief of Air Force) as the Commander of Joint Forces New Zealand in the rank of Major General. BRIG Gawn enlisted into the New Zealand Army in He has extensive experience commanding operations overseas, has served as Land Component Commander and has also held the position of Deputy Chief of Army. BRIG Gawn was awarded a Member of the Most Excellent Order of the British Empire (MBE) in the 1996 New Year s Honours List. In May 2001, he received a Force Commander s Commendation for his role in Timor-Leste. Of his appointment, Defence Minister Dr Wayne Mapp said Brigadier Gawn has demonstrated exceptional leadership strengths, especially on operations. His proven command skills are fundamental to this appointment. 14 1force 1force 14

15 Kilo Key Partnerships to respond to regional contingencies like humanitarian assistance and disaster relief. The Defence Force s membership of the Five Power Defence Arrangements (FPDA with Australia, Singapore, Malaysia and the United Kingdom) is the main element of New Zealand s defence cooperation and engagement in the South East Asia region. In addition to annual FPDA activities the Defence Force maintains strong bilateral military relationships with Singapore and Malaysia, and other nations in the region through defence diplomacy, Internationally, the Defence Force is engaged in a range of bilateral and multinational activities with nations in our region and beyond. We have a strong strategic partnership with Australia, training and operating closely with the Australian Defence Force (ADF). The New Zealand Defence Force contributes military personnel to the Australian-led International Security Force in Timor-Leste and we work alongside Australia in the Regional Assistance Mission to the Solomon Islands. Further stabilising our trans-tasman relationship, a combined Pacific-focused Ready Response Force (RRF) has been created participation in peacekeeping and support to regional maritime security initiatives. New Zealand makes a valuable contribution to the NATO-led International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) in Afghanistan whose main role is to assist the Afghan government to establish a secure and stable environment. We do this mostly through our Provincial Reconstruction Team (PRT), based in the Bamyan Province, and the contribution of the NZSAS (see S for more on the SAS), in Kabul. The Defence Force also contributes military personnel to United Nations missions in Sudan, the Middle East and the Military Armistice Commission in Korea. Kit The New Zealand Defence Force is committed to having a modern, wellequipped force especially in hostile environments. Therefore we are increasingly adopting sophisticated technological solutions to counter a range of threats. Our equipment is some of the latest available, technologically advanced and battle-tested. Soldiers deploying to Afghanistan are wearing the latest, battle-tested soldier survivability gear and its related equipment (pictured). The new kit includes an advanced combat helmet, improved Body Armour, improved hearing protection, ballistic goggles and glasses, individual torch, gandheld GPS, Enhanced Patrol Pack, combat gloves, and Enhanced modular (MOLLE) webbing and pouches. The Navy s Project Protector fleet four new inshore and two new off-shore patrol vessels and the multi-role vessel Canterbury; The purchase of the Javelin medium range anti-armour missile for the Army; Providing the Army and Special Forces with 321 modern, light operational, military vehicle the Pinzgauer; and 105 Light Armoured Vehicles (LAV); The replacement of two Boeing 727 with Boeing 757; Extending the life of the C-130 Hercules aircraft by upgrading the avionics and aircraft systems; Upgrading the mission management, communications and navigation systems required for the P-3 Orion maritime patrol aircraft; Replacing the aged Iroquois utility helicopters with eight new NH90 medium utility helicopters; and five A109 training and light utility helicopters; and New equipment for our Special Forces. 1force 15

16 lima Logistics: Keeping New Zealand s Defence Force working PROVIDES ABOUT 4,500 MEALS A DAY TO DEFENCE SERVICE MEN AND WOMEN MAINTAINS MORE THAN 1400 VEHICLES IN THE DEFENCE VEHICLE FLEET MAINTAINS AND SUPPORTS THE AIR FORCE S FLEET OF TRANSPORT, PATROL AIRCRAFT AND HELICOPTERS ABOUT 49 AIRCRAFT MAINTAINS THE NAVY S 12 OCEAN-GOING VESSELS. MANAGES A RANGE OF STRATEGIC SUPPLY CONTRACTS ACROSS A RANGE OF SERVICES When New Zealand Defence Force servicemen and women are on operations in New Zealand or overseas, they rely on Logistics to complete their mission. Logistics is a term that covers a full spectrum of activity; from contracting and buying provisions and equipment, to their storage, distribution, maintenance, and finally their disposal at the end of their useful life. All those tasks can be a big Logistics challenge, especially when Defence Force operations are sometimes thousands of kilometres away from New Zealand. Logistics is big business in the Defence Force and we have to get it right. Overseeing this support are 1200 military and civilian staff from all three Services, working in units around New Zealand and sometimes abroad. Logisticians comprise technicians and supply specialists who maintain and repair our operational platforms (our aircraft, ships and military vehicles), plus they manage the provision of the many supplies and services needed to operate these the ammunition, fuel, spare parts, and, of course, providing our people with three square meals a day. Military logisticians provide the essential support and services that our servicemen and women need, and operate just like in any large commercial business. They aim to deliver to our front-line forces the most effective and efficient Logistics support they can. They provide power to the punch. Dimensions Length m Width m (Hull) Height m (Turret) Combat Weight tonnes (Including add-on Armour) LAV Light Armoured Vehicle NZLAV is a world-class vehicle capable of providing light armour protection to soldiers on the battle field. NZLAV is highly mobile and equipped with an arsenal of weapons and systems that make it an ideal vehicle for combat, peace and peace-support operations. New Zealand joins numerous allies operating similar platforms allowing us to maintain and operate the vehicle at a lower cost by creating synergies amongst LAV users. Currently the LAV is fielded with the Canadian Army, US Army, US Marines and the Australian Defence Force. Seven of the 102 NZLAVs are equipped with an earth moving blade that can be used for light engineering tasks. LAV is fitted with protection from fire and chemical and biological weapons. Performance Capacity: 3 Crew (Driver, Gunner and Crew Commander) and up to 7 fully equipped soldiers in the rear Maximum Forward Speed - 109km/hr Fuel Capacity litres of diesel providing a maximum range of 450km when driven on paved roads Armament M242 25mm Bushmaster Automatic Cannon capable of effective fire out to 2400m. Rounds can be fired at rates of single, 100, or 200 rounds per minute. A total of 420 rounds can be stored on the vehicle at any one time. 16 1force

17 mike to the New Zealand Antarctic Programme; re-supplying remote Department of Conservation huts; rural fire fighting; VIP transportation and providing ceremonial support at State occasions. As the frequency of emergency tasks like search and rescue or civil defence activities is impossible to predict, the Defence Force maintains sea, land and air elements at agreed degrees of notice for emergency response. MAOT: Multi Agency Operations and Tasks As a consequence of the training activities the Defence Force undertakes to maintain its military readiness, we are able to deliver a range of services in support of other government departments and agencies and the wider community. This support provided to other agencies is what the Defence Force calls Multi-Agency Operations and Tasks or MAOT. MAOT includes things like the surveillance of New Zealand s Exclusive Economic Zone and borders in support of Customs and Fisheries; or the NZ Police search and rescue operations; disaster relief; support For example, a frigate or alternative vessel must always be at no greater than eight hours notice for emergency tasks; Army personnel in the North and South Island must be at 48 hours readiness; and the Air Force must have an Iroquois helicopter available at just two hours notice. A recent independent report prepared for Government said that from a wholeof-government perspective the services provided by the Defence Force to other agencies and departments represented value for money. However, it noted that MAOT activities have grown significantly, and now account for around 30 percent of the Defence Force s total operating expenditure. In New Zealand, the operational and policy areas of Defence are divided, so there are two aspects to Defence: the New Zealand Defence Force, and the Ministry of Defence. The Ministry gives defence and security policy advice, maintains New Zealand s bilateral and multilateral defence relationships, and advises on the military and organisational capabilities needed to meet the requirements of the government of the day. Under section 24(2)(e) of the Defence Act 1990 the Ministry can assess or audit any function, duty or project of the New Zealand Defence Force. It s also responsible for acquiring equipment for the three Services where project value exceeds NZ$7 million. Current acquisition projects include an upgrade of the platform systems on the ANZAC frigates, a life extension programme for the five C-130H Hercules aircraft and P-3 Orion Systems Upgrade operated by the Royal New Zealand Air Force, and the purchase of a Training/ Light and Medium Utility Helicopter to replace the Sioux and Iroquios helicopter with a capability that meets the New Zealand Defence Force s contemporary needs. Under the Defence Act 1990 the Secretary of Defence is responsible for preparing a Defence Assessment from time to time in consultation with the Chief of Defence. Defence Assessments are forward-looking. They take into consideration New Zealand s interests over the decades to come. The most recent was completed last year and culminated in the release of the Defence White Paper (see W page 33). 17 1force 1force 17

18 November The New Zealand Army is a professional organisation of dedicated and loyal New Zealanders, highly trained and well equipped to meet today s challenges. our Leadership Chief of Army Major General Tim Keating, MNZN, commands the NZ Army, providing leadership and management to all regular and territorial force personnel and our civilian staff. Supported by our new Deputy Chief of Army, Brigadier Charles Lott, Land Component Commander, Brigadier Mark Wheeler, and the Army Leadership Board, the Chief of Army ensures that NZ Army meets the outputs set by the Chief of Defence and the NZ Government. Army at the Ready Every mission and task we re involved in requires a range of different skills and responses from various individuals and groups through to Army s Combined Arms Task Group. To achieve these skills and experiences NZ Army conducts training throughout NZ and overseas with our allies and partner nations. This training covers everything from Humanitarian and Disaster Relief, to Combat Operations. The planning and conduct of our training allows us to access various experiences under a range of conditions, environments, and time requirements so that we remain upskilled and ready to go. 18 1force

19 well Equipped The NZ Army operates in a highly technical environment. Not only do we have to operate independently, we must also be capable of interoperability with the New Zealand Navy and Air Force, as well as our partners and allies. To do this effectively our equipment must support a variety of operating environments. From the smallest items of equipment, such as personal field equipment (packs, sleeping bags, cooking utensils), small arms (rifles), and FM radios, to our fleet of vehicles including LOVs and LAVs, we ensure we continually have the right equipment so that we are readily deployable, up-to-date, and equipped and trained for combat and peacekeeping. Around New Zealand NZ Army personnel operate out of Burnham Military Camp (Christchurch), Linton Military Camp (Palmerston North), Trentham Military Camp (Lower Hutt), Papkura Military Camp (Auckland), and NZ Defence Force Headquarters (Wellington). As at March 2011, NZ Army comprised: Regular Force 4912 Reserve Force 1919 CiviliaNS 672 TOTAL 7503 As a group of specialised professionals, NZ Army represents all ethnic groups and walks of life. Our diversity gives us strength helping us to create a practical, versatile and resourceful force that knows and understands the communities and countries we work in. Developing Leaders Army s leadership is founded on strong individuals who have at their heart the NZ Army Values and Ethos. The NZ Army is committed to investing in future leaders through quality training, founded in the Army Leadership Framework. This model spearheads tailored leadership programmes by providing a structured series of targeted interactive leadership courses reinforced with challenging experiential leadership activities. Leadership workshops have been delivered to over 90% of all leaders in the NZ Army and the focus now shifts to delivering our Leadership Framework to every leader as they transition through their careers. NZ Army consistently revisits the training we offer to ensure we continue to develop dynamic future leaders. In Place, On Time Being responsive and readily deployable is a priority for NZ Army. We ve been able to respond quickly and effectively to situations like the recent Canterbury earthquake. NZ Army was there as part of the earliest response, and we continued to provide an ongoing presence and vital assistance in helping maintain the security of the city. Our training and ability to deploy at short notice means that even when the unexpected happens, NZ Army can be among the first to respond, so we can be where we are needed most, when we re needed most. Around the World At any given time we can have personnel deployed on 16 peacekeeping operations, UN missions and exercises across 11 countries. NZ Army contributes to commitments in places such as: Afghanistan Antarctica Egypt / Sinai Israel Korea Solomon Islands Southern Lebanon Sudan Syria Timor-Leste Last year, NZ Army deployed more than 500 personnel to these operations. 1force 19

20 November New Chief of Army Major General Tim Keating was appointed Chief of Army at a ceremony at Trentham Camp in February. Chief of Defence Force, Lieutenant General Rhys Jones, himself formerly Chief of Army, welcomed his successor to the new role and rank of Major-General. Tim Keating is the first officer cadet whose initial training occurred in New Zealand, to reach the rank of Major General, said LTGEN Jones. That is a symbol of us as a nation reaching maturity with its Army. MAJGEN Keating is confident, competent and will be a great leader of the Army at a time of great pressure and immense change, at a time when we have to squeeze the most out of every man, woman, and dollar that we have, and every activity we undertake. In taking up the new challenge, MAJ GEN Keating stressed his intention to lead from the front. We have to continue to grow and develop as an Army to meet the intent of our Government, and to continue to add a high level of value to our nation. We must become an Army that has an almost singular focus on improving our operational capability, particularly the capability that we deploy overseas. We must be always capable of deploying, and build on our ability to be ready for the next operation - the one that we don t yet know about. We must be armed, equipped, trained and led by the best that New Zealand has to offer. Everything we do and our entire focus must be on winning we have to want to win with a passion in our training so that it extends into our operational deployments. New Chief of Air Force In March the Minister of Defence Wayne Mapp announced Air Vice Marshal Peter Stockwell as the new Chief of Air Force. AVM Stockwell has been Commander Joint Forces New Zealand since May 2009, having been Deputy Chief of Air Force, Air Component Commander, and Assistant Chief Strategic Commitments and Intelligence previously. AVM Stockwell enlisted into the Royal New Zealand Air Force in 1973 as a Navigator under training and was promoted to the rank of pilot officer in March In 1995, he was awarded the Air Force Cross for his outstanding leadership as commanding officer of 40 Squadron at a high-tempo period for the squadron. In congratulating AVM Stockwell on his appointment, Minister of Defence Hon Dr Wayne Mapp noted: Air Vice Marshal Stockwell is a proven strategic thinker and has the leadership skills and experience to carry out the changes throughout the Air Force required by the ongoing implementation of the Defence White Paper. He will make a valuable contribution at a crucial period for the Air Force, especially in the next two years as important capability comes into service. 20 1force

21 oscar One Force The New Zealand Defence Force is one force with three parts. The three Services the Royal New Zealand Navy (RNZN), New Zealand Army, and Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) are charged with developing and sustaining the military capabilities, professional skills and internal culture to meet the requirements of their unique operating environments: sea, land and air. To deliver maximum joint effect, the capabilities and activities of the single Services are coordinated and integrated in a joint and collaborative setting. This recognises that the New Zealand Defence Force achieves its greatest successes when single Service strengths are skilfully woven together in operations, like the strands of a rope. As One Force, we achieve greater things than the sum of our component parts allow. Orion The Air Force s fleet of six Orions is operated by No.5 Squadron, RNZAF as part of the Maritime Patrol Force Element, with the aircraft proving ideal for long range surveillance. With a range of over 6000 kilometres, it can remain on station for up to eight hours at 1400 kilometres. It has a relatively high transit speed to operating areas, and responds easily to any task once airborne. The type of tasks conducted by the Orions are varied and includes monitoring international shipping, pleasure craft, and foreign fishing vessel activity, conducting Exclusive Economic Zone surveillance and NZ Customs surveillance activities. Vessels are located, identified, photographed, and if required challenged, and reported to the tasking authority and the National Maritime Coordination Centre. The Maritime Patrol Force also conducts maritime surveillance, reconnaissance, and anti-surface vessel and anti-submarine warfare. No. 5 Squadron and the Orions are well known for their Search and Rescue capability. Search and rescue missions are coordinated by Maritime New Zealand s Rescue Coordination Centre through the Defence Force Joint Headquarters. On a search and rescue mission an Orion will carry supply containers, life rafts, smoke markers, flares and sonar buoys all of which can be dropped to assist with a rescue. As with all aircraft operations, the focus is on the airborne operation, with the ground crews working hard to keep each aircraft serviceable. To continue the Orion capability into the future the RNZAF are upgrading the flight deck, data management system, the sensors, the communications and navigation systems, mission support and maintenance systems. This will allow the aircraft to conduct a broader range of surveillance and reconnaissance operations, and use its surveillance capabilities more effectively. 1force 21

22 Papa People: our main asset Being ready and able to deliver on operations be they combat, peacekeeping, or humanitarian assistance is the raison d etre of the New Zealand Defence Force. To do that Defence needs service men and women its greatest asset. Last year Defence transformed its Human Resource functions into a consolidated HR service delivery model called the Defence Personnel Executive (DPE) with responsibility across Defence for all the people parts of our work. DPE will ensure we have a skilled, supported and ready workforce through workforce planning, organisation research and development, conditions of service and employment, recruitment, psychology, wellbeing, chaplaincy, training and education, HR advisory services, the HR Service Centre, the Reserve Forces and Youth Development Unit. The change in how Defence manages its human resources will ensure there is quality support and advice to everyone in the Defence Force, and that the Defence Force is well placed to cope with the workforce changes suggested in the Defence White Paper. Pacific New Zealand takes a lead role in promoting peace and security within the South Pacific, which extends out as far as Timor-Leste. The New Zealand Defence Force does this by undertaking peacekeeping; bi-lateral military engagement; supporting the Mutual Assistance Programme which provides training and technical assistance to defence forces within the region; surveillance of Pacific countries Exclusive Economic Zones (EEZ); search and rescue; and by maintaining capabilities for humanitarian assistance and disaster relief. Pastoral Care Chaplains have been attached to military forces for most of recorded history and have a long record of service in times of peace and war. Chaplains tend to the spiritual wellbeing of Service personnel through providing what is called pastoral care. Often this is simply providing a listening ear to any New Zealand Defence Force personnel or their families, regardless of faith affiliation. Under the Geneva Convention chaplains are non-combatants in theatres of war. As such they are permitted to carry weapons only to protect themselves and those in their care. A chaplain may not carry the IW Steyr on operations but, if conscience allows, he or she may carry a pistol for self protection/ protection of those in their care. As of March 2010 all chaplains were united under the banner of NZDF Chaplaincy and a clear statement of one force was evident in the introduction of new rank slides for chaplains. They now share the same symbol: the cross. 22 1force

23 Quebec Queens Honours In her capacity as Queen, and on advice from the New Zealand Government, Her Majesty Queen Elizabeth II can bestow honors on any New Zealander deemed to have made an outstanding contribution in any field. The Honours occur on New Year s Day, and then again on the first Monday of June, in the Queen s Birthday Honours List. New Zealand Defence Force personnel often appear in the Honours lists. This year two service people Major Suzanne Lynn Carter Royal New Zealand Nursing Corps (Army) and Warrant Officer Donald Napier (Royal New Zealand Air Force) were awarded the New Zealand Distinguished Service Decoration, which recognises distinguished military service by regular, territorial or reserve members of the New Zealand Defence Force. Major Suzanne Lynn Carter, Royal New Zealand Nursing Corps Major Carter (then in rank of Captain), deployed to Afghanistan in 2009 as a Nursing Officer with the New Zealand Provincial Reconstruction Team. Early in her deployment, she learned about the poor conditions for women in Bamyan prison, some of whom were pregnant or had young babies. She also noted a lack of basic resources, such as nappies and children s clothing, for patients at Bamyan hospital. To address this Major Carter initiated the Bamyan Babies project, coordinating the distribution of clothing, heating, baby food and medical care for women in prison and their children. She instituted the local manufacturing of re-usable nappies, thus providing a business opportunity for local women. She also arranged for the recruitment of a child health Specialist at Bamiyan hospital. Her efforts resulted in the Bamiyan government agreeing to hold regular medical clinics at the prison and to consider the development of a more suitable women s compound. Warrant Officer Donald Napier, Royal New Zealand Air Force Warrant Officer Napier is the first Flight Commander of the New Zealand Defence Force Information Technology Academy (NZDFITA). The academy was set up to provide personnel on operational deployments with the skills and capabilities of building, maintaining and enhancing large-scale server-based networks and to standardise this training across the Defence Force. His close association with Information Technology began when he developed the training which changed the RNZAF Telecommunications trade to the Communication and Information Systems trade, he also developed a generic computer training curriculum to provide personnel with the skills to establish full office computer desktop functions on deployable domain-based networks. This experience made him a natural choice to be tasked with establishing and running an academy to deliver a commercially sourced training and certification system for Defence Force personnel. The first course graduated in February 2008 and since then the NZDFITA has trained personnel at a fraction of the cost of an external agency, achieving an almost 100 per cent success rate. 1force 23

24 Romeo Royal new zealand NAvy Personnel Deployed Around the World Afghanistan South Korea Egypt/Israel Israel/Syria/Lebanon Middle East Shanghai Sudan Hong Kong Malaysia Singapore Jakarta Timor Leste Darwin Cairns Townsville Solomon Islands New Caledonia S Tong Brisbane Navy is actively involved in Peacekeeping and land missions in support of the NZDF, New Zealand and United Nations Stirling Newcastle Sydney NZ EEZ Antarctica The nz navy deploys locally, Regionally and globally Multi-agency EEZ border protection and surveillance International exercise participation Navy contributes specialist personnel to land and United Nations operations Working closely with our allies and coalition partners The nz navy is capable and effective Humanitarian assistance and disaster relief Defence diplomacy and conflict prevention Contribution to Maritime security through patrol, surveillance and interception operations 1/3rd of Navy personnel serve in sea-going ships The nz navy is modern and effective Excellent simulation and training systems Recognised as a world-class organisation End to end fleet management Key partnerships within the Defence industry Integrated supply chain with global reach 24 1force

25 Naval Combat Force TE KAHA F77 TE MANA F111 Replenishment Vancouver Seattle ENDEAVOUR A11 Amphibious Sealift San Francisco CANTERBURY L421 Hawaii Naval Patrol Force OTAGO P 148 WELLINGTON P55 amoa a Tahiti PUKAKI P3568 ROTOITI P3569 TAUPO P3570 HAWEA P3571 Littoral Warfare Support Force NZ SRR RESOLUTION A14 Fleet deployment Land Based Deployment New Zealand Search and Rescue Region MANAWANUI A 09 1force 25

26 Romeo The Royal New Zealand Air Force (RNZAF) provides New Zealand s military air power. This capability is characterised by its swift response, its long reach and its ability to adapt to a range of situations. To operate RNZAF aircraft and equipment, our people must be motivated, skilled, honest and loyal. As part of the RNZAF they are prepared to protect the security interests and people of New Zealand. Aircraft The RNZAF is a versatile air force that operates a number of different aircraft, which means it can respond quickly to a diverse range of situations. Air Force aircraft include a mix of strategic and tactical air transport which is provided by two Boeing s and five C-130 Hercules. The Air Force s rotary wing of Iroquois helicopters is used to provide assistance in disaster relief, search and rescue and the transportation of NZ Army and Police personnel. The Airborne Reconnaissance and Surveillance Force of the P-3K Orions are used in aerial maritime patrol and also undertake a number of search and rescue missions around New Zealand and the Pacific each year Together with the larger operational aircraft, the Air Force also operates the CT-4E Airtrainer and Beech King Air B200. These aircraft are used for pilot training and VIP transport. Into the Future The Air Force is entering an exciting period with new and upgraded aircraft being introduced across the different fleets. This will transform the Air Force, bringing it firmly into the 21st century with state-of-the- art technology and platforms. The new aircraft are the A109 Light Utility Helicopter and NH90 helicopter which will revolutionise the Air Force s current rotary wing fleet. 26 1force

27 Mission To carry out military air operations to advance New Zealand s security interests, with professionalism, integrity and teamwork. People The men and women that make up today s Air Force are our best assets. They are intelligent, skilled, loyal and motivated. As at April , the RNZAF was made up of the following: Regular Force: 2588 Active Reserve: 53 Civilian: 284 Total: 2925 Air Force personnel operate out of Air Force Bases at Auckland, Ohakea and Woodbourne, as well as Defence Headquarters in Wellington and Joint Force Headquarters in Trentham, Upper Hutt. Careers in the RNZAF Today s Air Force is a modern and dynamic part of the New Zealand Defence Force and one that offers a range of exciting and challenging careers. It s not just about pilots, we have a diverse range of career paths from engineers, logisticians, communications, security, aircrew and other skilled trades that make up today s professional Air Force. We re looking for smart-thinking people who are prepared to work hard and get ahead. If that sounds like you, get in touch. We promise you world-class training and a rewarding career with great benefits. AK force 27

28 Romeo Reducing consumption and waste With more than 14,000 personnel and 74,500 hectares of land the Defence Force is the government s largest departmental user of energy in New Zealand. Last year the Defence Force reduced its energy consumption by 6 percent. Being big the Defence Force needs to be careful to work in a sustainable way in all that it does protecting the environment, controlling pests and looking after its heritage buildings. Recycling is important, too. At Burnham and Papakura the Army recycles and composts organic material, while at Burnham worms chew through food waste each week which would otherwise cost $2,500 to remove offsite. Large tracts of land at Waiouru (60,000 hectares) and at Tekapo (8,100 hectares) are used for military training, but at the same time indigenous species and habitats there need careful preserving. Sustainable Land Management Strategies are in place in the Defence Force to preserve these areas for future New Zealanders and combat pests such as wild pines, heather, possums, rabbits and the spread of didymo, the invasive freshwater algae. Reserves Defence Force Reserves perform a similar function to reserves for a sports team. In the same way that the coach of a sports team always needs to have extra players on the bench, available to sub on at a moment s notice, the Chief of Defence Force also needs extra players on hand. Reservists are New Zealanders who wear a uniform and undertake military training and duties in their spare time or when they are on leave from their civilian jobs. Reserve units are scattered throughout New Zealand and military reservists can literally be found from Cape Reinga to Bluff. The Navy, Army and Air Force each have a reserve component. The Royal New Zealand Navy Volunteer Reserve has units from Auckland to Dunedin. The Army Reserve, known as the Territorial Force, is based around six infantry battalions in the North and South Islands. The Royal New Zealand Air Force s Active Reserve Force primarily recruits trades-people with previous military experience to serve alongside full-time members of the Air Force. Reservists undergo specialist military training when they enlist, then complete military courses and training to advance their skills. Reserves frequently Find out more at supplement regular force units in New Zealand and overseas. In recent years Reservists have been called upon to deploy overseas on military operations to places as far away as Afghanistan. International service can place a strain on employment relations, though many employers see benefits in having staff undertake military service, as the employee gains free training in practical leadership, staff management, problem solving, teamwork, work ethic and personal discipline. Reservists are a valued strategic asset, and an integral part of the New Zealand Defence Force. 28 1force

29 Sierra SAS With their bold motto of Who dares, Selection Process The SAS selection process is notoriously demanding. It s designed to identify selfdisciplined soldiers and officers capable of working as part of a small group under stressful conditions for long periods of time. Incredibly high standards are demanded because mental, physical and emotional challenges are often encountered by NZSAS soldiers on missions. Once NZSAS troopers have earned their initial badge they learn advanced skills including parachuting, diving and boating, mountaineering, tracking and close-quarter battle. Why the secrecy? We know New Zealanders are naturally curious about the SAS, however it is also important to bear in mind that any information about the NZSAS released to the public must not compromise the current or future operational security of the unit. Interest in the SAS has grown since CPL Willie Apiata (see VC) was awarded the highest military honour, the Victoria Cross, in July Current Operations wins, the New Zealand Special Air Service is the Defence Force s elite group of soldiers and officers. The NZSAS unit was established in 1955 as a professional New Zealand Army unit capable of undertaking unconventional warfare. In February 2011 New Zealand s Prime Minister, John Key, announced that the Government has extended the deployment of the NZSAS task force in Kabul, Afghanistan for 12 months. The deployment will be a smaller contingent; approximately half of the 70 personnel currently deployed. Recently the NZSAS has won accolades for the way in which they have carried out tasks in Afghanistan, including training the Afghan Ministry of Interior s counter terrorism Crisis Response Unit (CRU), direct action tasks against insurgent networks in support of the International Security Assistance Force (ISAF) and operational support to other New Zealand Defence Force elements in theatre. ISAF Commander in Afghanistan General Petraeus recently noted that together with CRU New Zealand s SAS task force has done much to disrupt a fairly constant stream of threat to the security of Kabul. Lieutenant Colonel Chris Parsons (above) was presented the Defense Meritorious Service medal by the commander of coalition forces in Afghanistan General David Petraeus, in recognition of his outstanding command, leadership, and unwavering commitment to the mission. His citation noted that Parsons had inspired results that far exceed the size of forces under his command. Parson s work had helped the coalition gain the initiative and reverse insurgent momentum in the near-term, by removing numerous key insurgent leaders and facilitators from the battlefield. 1force 29

30 tango Tractor Army Engineers will have more capability following the recent purchase of six High Mobility Engineer Excavators (HMEEs). Commonly known as combat tractors, this new capability will be fully introduced into service in mid Until now, we did not have an earthmoving capability with increased mobility and survivability that could support NZLAV operations effectively says Lieutenant Colonel Don Jones, Commanding Officer, 2 Engineer Regiment. The capacity of the Army s Light Armoured Vehicles (see LAV) will be enhanced by the combat tractor s ability to undertake route clearance, survivability tasks, and construction and earthmoving tasks using a system comparable in protection and mobility to NZLAV. Experience in Iraq and Afghanistan has shown that combat tractor armour has allowed US operators to survive mine and improvised explosive devise (IED) strikes which would otherwise have been fatal if less protected vehicles had been attacked. The HMEE was developed to respond to a requirement for high mobility earthmoving plant that could survive on the modern battlefield. As such the technology is cutting edge and at the early stages of its service life. With a top speed on the open road of 90 km/hr and great cross country capability the excavators can operate as part of a cavalry formation and self deploy without the assistance of a trailer to a task site. The tractors will also deploy on the mutli-role vessel, HMNZS CANTERBURY. Training is one of the main things soldiers, sailors, and airmen and women do when they re not on military operations. In the past year the Defence Force has changed the way its training is done. Instead of Navy, Army and Air Force training being separate, the Defence Force is sharing more training and education support and delivery. This new approach frees up both people and resources, with a forecast ongoing saving of $7.9million per annum to be reinvested into other parts of the Defence Force. The new common training approach will be supported by an upgraded and expanded e-learning tool so eventually Defence Force personnel will be able to access learning opportunities 24 hours a day. Over time there ll be a shift from some classroom activities to a blend of learning that includes online learning and more traditional learning by doing. Navy, Army and Air Force personnel will be learning alongside their colleagues in other services. This approach is expected to have real benefits for our frontline joint activities. In the long-term, shared learning experiences benefit the development of our co-operative spirit. 30 1force

31 uniform UNTSO: United Nations Truce Supervision Organisation The United Nations Truce Supervision Organisation (UNTSO) is the United Nations oldest peacekeeping operation. Since it was established in May 1948, UNTSO s 150 unarmed Observers have been posted to the Middle East to monitor ceasefires, supervise armistice agreements, prevent incidents from escalating and assist other United Nations missions in the region to fulfil their mandates. Essentially these Observers ensure that peace agreements or cease fires are being observed and violations to peace or security in the region are reported. New Zealand contributes approximately eight military observers to UNTSO on a 12 month rotational basis. These personnel are based in Syria, Israel and Southern Lebanon. Because UNTSO is a reasonably small mission the Observers are under the operational control of two larger United Nations Forces, the United Nations Interim Force in Lebanon (UNIFIL) and the United Nations Disengagement Observer Force (UNDOF). UNTSO s headquarters are in Jerusalem and UNTSO personnel answer to the UN Headquarters in New York. Nelson-born Naval officer Lieutenant Commander Brendan Oakley recently returned to New Zealand from a 12 month deployment with UNTSO. While deploying to the region was fascinating in itself, LTCDR Oakley said it also taught him some things about his own country: New Zealanders are known for their cando attitude and impartiality in overseas hot spots. The best thing you can have there is a Kiwi patch on your shoulder. Contributing Other United Nations missions the New Zealand Defence Force contributes to are United Nations Mission in Sudan, the United Nations Command Military Armistice Commission in Korea and we also provide the United Nations Assistance Mission Iraq with an Assistant Military Advisor. to UNTSO is great for raising the profile of New Zealand. Considering we ve only seven or eight people across five countries (Israel, Jordan, Lebanon, Syria and Egypt) working alongside 24 other nations, the visibility these few personnel give New Zealand is significant. Kiwis have long had a presence in the region, and I was amazed to see so many well cared for ANZAC war graves there were in Syria and Jerusalem. 1force 31

32 victor Victoria Cross The Victoria Cross (VC) is the highest military decoration that can be awarded for conspicuous gallantry or a daring or pre-eminent act of valour, self sacrifice, or extreme devotion to duty in the presence of the enemy. It may be awarded to a person of any rank from the armed forces of a Commonwealth country and also to civilians operating under military command. The VC was introduced in 1856 by Queen Victoria to honour acts of valour during the Crimean War. Since then, the medal has been awarded 1,356 times to 1,353 individual recipients. The Victoria Cross for New Zealand was instituted in 1999 and replaced the British Victoria Cross for future awards to New Zealand military personnel. The medal and ribbon for the Victoria Cross for New Zealand looks identical to the British Victoria Cross. Reluctant hero Corporal Willie Apiata is New Zealand s only living recipient of the VC for NZ, awarded in July Other New Zealand born recipients include Charles Upham, Second Lieutenant Moana-nui-a-Kiwa Ngarimu, Bernard Lord Freyberg and Sir Keith Elliot. Corporal Apiata s citation (abridged) reads: As the enemy pressed its attack towards Lance Corporal (now Corporal) Apiata s position, and without thought of abandoning his colleague to save himself, he took a decision in the highest order of personal courage under fire. In total disregard of his own safety, Lance Corporal Apiata... carried his comrade... across the seventy metres of broken, rocky and fire swept ground, fully exposed in the glare of battle to heavy enemy fire and into the face of returning fire from the main Troop position. That neither he nor his colleague were hit is scarcely possible. Having delivered his wounded companion to relative shelter with the remainder of the patrol, Lance Corporal Apiata re-armed himself and rejoined the fight in counter-attack. Values As New Zealand s Defence Force we are serious about upholding high cultural values. These values apply to individuals and groups and are based on the following four core tenets: Courage, Commitment, Comradeship and Integrity. Courage: Courage means being brave enough to do what one believes is right. Commitment: Commitment means loyally serving the interests of the New Zealand Government and working together to serve the interests of all New Zealanders. It means individuals put others before themselves when necessary. Comradeship: Comradeship means embracing the bonds of friendship as a necessity and a benefit of being part of the Defence Force. Integrity: Integrity means acting honourably to bring credit to the Defence Force and New Zealand. This requires Defence Force personnel to be transparent in their dealings with each other and consistent in their duties. 32 1force

33 whiskey MC White Paper: In November 2010 the Government launched the first Defence White Paper in over a decade, setting out the defence capabilities required to meet New Zealand s security needs over the coming 25 years. The White Paper took a broad look at defence, balancing the Government s policy objectives and the strategic outlook with the financial realities New Zealand faces. It defines what the New Zealand Defence Force will be doing, and how, for the foreseeable future. It concludes that it is unlikely that New Zealand will face a direct military threat. However, the next 25 years are likely to be more uncertain than the 25 years past. New Zealand can expect growing pressures on maritime resources and an increased risk of illegal fishing. The outlook for the South Pacific is fragile. Responding to these challenges the Government has recognised that the Defence Force as a national asset, being the only agency of state that maintains disciplined forces available at short notice to respond to crisis (see Earthquake), as well as operating large-scale and integrated fleets of vehicles, ships, and aircraft. The White Paper also confirms that New Zealand s international interests mean the Defence Force must be able to contribute combat capabilities if required. Therefore the White Paper has prioritised preserving and enhancing the capabilities the Defence Force already has. The White Paper has recognised the Defence Force must be equipped sufficiently so that it does not need to depend on partners or friends for basic forms of operating support. It must also have reliable and high-quality equipment to be effective, and not be a liability to those alongside us. This will mean continued investment in the Defence Force to ensure that it can influence and operate in the changing regional and global environment. Major capabilities will be replaced as their life expires, for example the P-3 Orion and C-130 Hercules aircraft and the ANZAC frigates. The proposed capability programme is to be carefully prioritised and phased. This White Paper is certainly distinguished from previous ones by the level of scrutiny given to financial issues. However, the Defence White Paper is not a story about financial cuts the Government has maintained the level of Defence spending. Rather, it is a story about redistributing the resources the Defence Force has been given. xray XO Navy shorthand for an Executive Officer who oversees the day to day activities of a ships company By 2014/15, the Defence Force is expected to have freed up $350-$400 million (on an annual recurring basis) to be reinvested in new and improved military capability. This will necessitate a fundamental change to the way the Defence Force does things, including the way it manages its people, estate, IT, logistics, education and training. The White Paper took a broad look at defence, balancing the Government s policy objectives and the strategic outlook with the financial realities New Zealand face 1force 33

34 yankee Youth The Defence Force is linked with three youth development programmes. Each is funded by the government, but uses the expertise of Defence Force staff to help motivate young New Zealanders to enter the workforce. In 2009 the government allocated $19 million of funding specifically for the Ministry of Social Development, Ministry of Education and NZ Police to purchase a range of activities for youth. To meet this commitment the CHief of Defence Force directed that a dedicated unit, the Youth Development Unit (YDU), be established. The programmes are conducted out of facilities near Auckland, Wellington and Christchurch. Instructors are drawn from the Navy, Army and Air Force and are a mix of Regular Force personnel and Reservists. LSV changed me from a negative statistic to a focused individual who wants to contribute. The structure, expectation and belief the staff invested in me made the difference my biggest change moving forward is how I now see and feel about myself Volunteer Sam Henry LSV: The Limited Service Volunteer (LSV) programme has been run from Burnham Army camp, near Christchurch, for many years, but since January 2010 the scheme has expanded to Auckland and Wellington. In 2010 courses were held for about 2000 trainees aged who were long-term unemployed or at-risk of becoming long term unemployed. The same numbers will be go through the programme for The structure of LSV resembles basic military training and exposes volunteers to military structure, discipline and standards. During the six week course volunteers undergo an intense programme of lectures, workshops and physical activity designed to develop self respect, self discipline, respect for others, trust and team work. MAC: Defence Staff in Christchurch and Auckland also assist in the delivery of Military Activity Camps (MAC). MAC exposes youth offenders to physical and team building activities to broaden their horizons and encourage alternatives to criminal offending. MAC participants do not stay overnight at Defence Force establishments but use facilities such as the confidence course. MAC activities are part of a broader program to change the behaviour of young offenders. Only the physical aspect of the wider course is delivered by Defence personnel. My job is to ensure all trainees get the maximum out of their course, to help guide young people to get a job and show them that they can have a better life. They just have to take the first step. Chief Petty Officer Seaman Combat Specialist, Mike Simm Service academies: Nineteen low decile secondary schools throughout New Zealand run service academies, year long programmes providing a learning environment for students identified as in danger of dropping out without the skills needed to get a job. Every service academy student attends an induction course, managed by YDU staff, before their school year starts. Service academy students undertake a normal school day that is supplemented by physical activities and guided by the values they learned during their induction course. YDU staff provide ongoing support to the progarmme throughout the year, but the day to day running of the academy is managed by the individual schools. zulu The last letter of the North Atlantic Treaty Organisation (NATO) phonetic alphabet. 34 1force

35 defence force careers career choice choice career AGE COUR ENT IT M C O M M E S H IP AD C O M R R IT Y IN T E G Ensign Shaun McAuley Maritime Trade Organisation (MTO) officer I m a junior officer in the Maritime Trade Organisation (MTO) posted to HMNZS NGAPONA in Auckland. As a litigation solicitor in my civilian job I joined the Naval Reserves three years ago to get my hands dirty, expand my horizons and to have some new experiences beyond the office environment. Since joining the Reserves I have pushed myself both physically and mentality and have made many friends. As an Maritime Trade Organisation officer, I m regularly involved in naval guidance and co-operation to shipping operations such as monitoring merchant shipping movements, boarding merchant vessels, visiting ports and drafting research briefs for senior officers. The MTO offers an exciting opportunity for motivated people to contribute to New Zealand s Defence Force and our officers regularly deploy overseas. I regularly recommend the Reserves to my colleagues. Signaller Hayden Young Systems Engineer I m really enjoying life at Linton working as a Systems Engineer, one of the Army s 34 official trade choices. After attending Massey University for two years I decided to take a year off which led me to joining the NZ Army. I wanted to be challenged mentally and physically and have always been interested in computers and electronics. I was going to join as an Information Systems Operator but after discussing trades with my recruiter Systems Engineer was an option that best matched my interests. As a Systems Engineer I maintain the equipment that delivers the backbone of communications information anywhere the Army is deployed. This includes planning, installing, commissioning and engineering communications systems, from single channel telegraph to radio and satellite systems. I work alone and in team environments, and often in high pressure situations. I like the idea of being paid to get fit, working with computers and being a soldier at the same time. Flight Lieutenant Dave de Graaf Engineer I joined the Air Force in 2006 after completing a Mechatronics Engineering degree at Auckland University. After initial training I posted to a policy team that looked at different aircraft and how we operate them and comparing that with the structural life of the airframe. I then moved to the Structural Support unit producing solutions for structural problems on aircraft across the RNZAF, including coming up with new structural designs for specific applications. I ve been in my current role as a Junior Engineer on 40 Squadron for only a short period but have already had amazing experiences, including a Boeing engine change in Texas, coordinating engineering considerations for Boeing flights to Antarctica, providing engineering oversight for Boeing and Hercules servicing as well as being involved with OPERATION ICE CUBE, where 40 Squadron send C-130 Hercules to Antarctica. The highlight was being involved with the team that completed a C-130 Propeller change in negative -30 C in Antarctica. A great experience! 1force 35

36 Kiteboarding with Kavae by OperationHQ (cool stuff) (Cam) 6 hours of 50cc fun by OperationHQ Cam tries out a Navy Once Only Suit by OperationHQ meet Cam He has a backstage pass to the Defence force and gets to do all sorts of cool stuff, join him at (more cool stuff)