GREECE. Army GENERAL. Inhabitants per sq. km.. 43.I

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1 GREECE GENERAL Area ,509 sq. km. Population (1923)... Inhabitants per sq. km.. 5,500, I I. Army A. Recruiting System. Military service is compulsory; it begins at the age of 21 and ends at the age of 51. The normal duration of service is two years in the active army, ii years in the reserve of the active army ; 8 years in the territorial army; and Io years in the reserve of the territorial army. The law allows some exemptions from military service owing to family circumstances, the exercise of certain professions, etc. Men exempted from service in the active army in peace-time, not counting those who are considered fit only for the auxiliary services, are called up by the Minister of War for one period of training, lasting for not more than three months, during the time in which they are liable to serve in the active army. Men belonging to the territorial army cannot be mobilised except in time of war; men belonging to the reserve of the territorial army are not called up except in case of invasion or threat of invasion. Men who belong to the territorial army are called up in the fourth and eighth years of their service for a period of training which may not exceed 15 days. Greeks who have reached the age of g19 may be enrolled as volunteers in the active army. The duration of voluntary enlistments is fixed at two or three years. B. Composition of the Army. The country is divided into 12 military districts which correspond to the 12 divisions. In peace time the army is composed of: ii infantry divisions divided into four groups; i infantry division in Epirus; i cavalry division; a certain number of units which are not assigned to any division.

2 GREECE 6II C. Budgetary Ef/ectives I924-I925: Generals of Colonels Lieut- Majors Captains Lieutenants div. brig. Colonels. Ministry of War I Engineers. I Artillery I Cavalry. 3 8 ii Infantry Medical service General services Military training. I Transport I Total ,342 1,393 C. Budgetary Effectives (continuation). 2nd Officers Corporals lieutenants (total) N.C.O's and Total Animals lieutenants (total) soldiers Ministry of War Engineers... II ,325 3, Artillery r,296 9,706 1,002 6,513 Cavalry ,429 3,742 3,895 Infantry ,125 3,460 37,770 41,230 I,o8o Medical service 8 K 20 6o General services I 7 2,548 2, Military training Transport ,443 2, Total... 1,407 4,9831 6,519 59,965 66,484 12,946 Not including 382 student-officers. 2 Not including 2oo cadets, 9 instructors and 322 miscellaneous staff. D. Material in Service in Units: (I923.) Model. Rifles, Mannlicher-Sch6nauer (6.5) Rifles, Lebel Carbines, Mannlicher- Sch6nauer (8 mm.) Carbines, Lebel Automatic Rifle : French (M. 1915) Pistols or revolvers: Nagant Colt Martian (765) Machine-guns: Schwartzlose (6.5 mm.) Saint-Etienne (8 mm.)

3 612 GREECE Model. Mountain guns (65 mm.) Mountain guns (75 mm. Saneides Dangli M. P. D.) Mountain guns (75 mm. Skoda M. I915) Field guns : (Schneider M. P. D. 7) Gun 120 mm. (L. M. I916-I918) Howitzer 150 mm. (Skoda M. I914) Complete aircraft: Bombing I Brguet) Reconnaissance I Fighting (Nieuport and Mars) II. Navy. LIST OF UNITS (1925.) Old Battleships : i. Kilkis (i905) Normal displacement, 13,000 tons. Length 2. Lemnos (1905) 382 feet. Beam 77 feet. Max. load draught, 24 feet. H.P. Io,ooo == 17 kts. Guns : inch; 8 8-inch; 8 7-inch; 12 3-inch; i 12- pdr. (A.A.); 2 6-pdr. (A.A.); 2 torpedo-tubes (2i-inch). 3. Spetsai (I ) Displacement : 4,808 tons. Length 344 Y2 feet. 4. Psura (1890) Beam 5I 516 feet. Mean draught, I8 feet. H.P. 5. Hydra (I ) 6,700 = 17 kts. Guns : 3 io.6-inch; inch ; 4 3-pdr. Armoured Cruiser: Giorgios Averoff (1910) Normal displacement : 9,960 tons. io0, 8 metric tons. Length 462 feet. Beam, 69 feet. Maximum draught: 242/3 feet. H.P. I9,ooo kts. Guns : inch; inch; i6 i4-pdr.; i i2-pdr. (A.A.); 4 3-pdr. ; 2 torpedo-tubes (I8-inch). Protected Cruiser: Helle (I912) Normal displacement, 2,600 tons. Length 322 feet. Beam 39 feet. Draught 14 feet. H.P. 6,000 = 20 kts. Guns : 2 6-inch; 4 4- inch; i 6-pdr. (A.A.); 2 torpedo-tubes (i8- inch).

4 GREECE 613 ii destroyers No. Type Date Displacement IL P. T. tubes draught. 4 Aetos ,750 4 io Thyella o , Niki ,600 I i Smyrne ,ooo 2 9 tons feet Miscellaneous 36 different units (12 torpedo and patrol boats, 2 submarines, mine-layers, gunboats, etc.) III. Budget Expenditure on National Defence. A. NOTES ON BUDGET PROCEDURE. i. The financial year covers the period from April Ist to March 3Ist. 2. The budget of Greece is a gross budget, the receipts collected by the various departments of the State Administration not being deducted from the corresponding expenditure. B. BUDGET EXPENDITURE ON NATIONAL DEFENCE. I. Summary of Defence Expenditure. Table I. Estimates Drachmai (ooo's omitted) Defence expenditure: Ministry of War.... 2,076,790 1,957,214 1,009,594 Ministry of the Marine.. 228, , ,462 Total.... 2,304,815 2,606, ,392,056 Index of defence expenditure..... oo Index number of the cost of living : I914 = 00oo... 1,025 1,237 1, Ioo.....OO Defence expenditure reduced to pre- Drachmai (ooo's omitted). war price level... 2,248,600 2,106,800 1,027,300 Index of defence expenditure reduced % % % to pre-war price level... 0oo 94 46

5 614 GREECE II. Analysis of Defence Expenditure. i. The following table shows the main headings of expenditure charged to the budgets of the Ministry of War and the Ministry of the Marine TABLE 2. Ministry of War ORDINARY EXPENDITURE Estimates I Drachmai (ooo's omitted) I. Salaries i,900 82, Provisions... 45,700 89,00ooo 2I0, Forage ,000 85, Travelling and transport expenses 2,500 2,500 3, Heating and lighting... 2,000 2,000 2, Supply service ,00ooo 53, , Automobile service.... 3,600 3,600 2, Engineering... 12,200 7,800 I,000 9 o Cartographical service Io. Aviation... 3,000 3,000 6,500 II. Health service ,000 4,000 9, Artillery ,300 10,300 Io,ooo 13. Purchase of horses.. I2,000 12,000,00oo 14. Cavalry and veterinary service 5,000 5,000 3, Instruction.. 1,300,oo000 2,700 i6. Military courts i6a Storage of material Office supplies..,200 1,200 2, Unforeseen expenditure i9. Restitution... 29,687 8,717 7,500 Total ordinary Expenditure. 365, , ,670 EXTRAORDINARY EXPENDITURE : 20. Expenditure on troops still serving with the colours. } 0,00038,ooo 21. Mobilisation expenses. I,6ooooo 1,300,00 250, Allowances , Expenditure carried forward from previous years , ,985 86,904 Total extraordinary expenditure... 1,710,798 1,446, ,924 Total expenditure of the Ministry of War... 2,076,790 1,957,214 I,009,594

6 GREECE 615 TABLE 3 (continued). Ministry of the Marine Estimates j , Drachmai (ooo's -omitted) ORDINARY EXPENDITURE I. Salaries... 58,946 50,237 52, Miscellaneous expenditure and subsidies... i,20 2,o61 2, Upkeep and rent of buildings and lighthouses... 1,230 1,364 3, Upkeep and repairs of naval units... 16,603 16,703 19, Material ,540 29,602 44, Restitution... 6oi General expenditure. 3,595 3,630 4,530 Total ordinary expenditure. 114, , ,377 EXTRAORDINARY EXPENDITURE: 8. Construction of buildings and lighthouses.. 1,625 i7,373 I7, Construction of ships and machinery , ,210 io. Material ,700 ii. Expenditure carried forward from previous years ,499 1, General expenditure..... I3,16o 22,378 16,050 I3. War expenditure , ,020 Total extraordinary expenditure , , ,o85 Total expenditure of the Ministry of the Marine.. 228, , ,462 III. Receipts collected by the various Defence Departments. The receipts of the Administration of National Defence from the sale of horses, disused material, official publications, etc., are estimated at Io.5 million drachmai for , 21 million for I and I million for I IV. Expenditure referring to Previous Years. I. No interest on or redemption of public debt is charged to the national defence budget.

7 6i6 GREECE 2. Military pensions are not shown in the national defence budget; they are charged to that of the Ministry of Finance and are estimated as follows: I Drachmai (ooo's omitted) Ministry of War... 13,000 60,000 83,000 Ministry of the Marine... 2,500 3,500 6,000 Sources. Communication from the Government dated June 12th, Recruiting Law of January I5th, I9I3. Official Military Bulletin, December I924. General Budget for the year I924-i925. Jane's Fighting Ships, 1925.