THE WAR THAT CHANGED THE WORLD
|
|
- Elaine Reed
- 6 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 THE WAR THAT CHANGED THE WORLD The 1973 Arab-Israeli War OLLI Fall 2017, Week 3 Frank Chadwick THE ARMED FORCES (and how they work)
2 Week 3 Overview: The Armed Force 1. Basics 2. The Israeli Defense Force 3. The Egyptian Armed Forces 4. The Syrian Armed Forces
3 Part 1: The Basics How the Armed Forces work, and why it s important to know Many of the things which happened during the war won t make sense unless you have a very basic grounding in how the military functions It s also a handy knowledge base to have, given the state of the world today The Combat Arms Infantry, Armor, Artillery, and what they do. The weapons, and how they work Tanks, missiles, planes, and more Military Organization (and the rule of threes) From squad to division, what are those things?
4 BASICS I: Combat Arms The principle ground combat arms are Infantry, Armor and Artillery.
5 Combat Arms: Infantry Infantry: Individually armed personnel, and teams of personnel with heavier weapons, trained to fight mostly dismounted, taking advantage of terrain and able to go where vehicles cannot.
6 Combat Arms: Infantry Airborne/Parachute: Some infantry is additionally equipped for air insertion, either by parachute or (more often in 1973) by helicopter.
7 Combat Arms: Infantry Infantry is sometimes carried in lightly-armored vehicles, called Armored Personnel Carriers (APCs). In this case the infantry is called Mechanized Infantry.
8 Armored Personnel Carriers
9 Combat Arms: Armor Armor: Mostly built around tank units. Tanks are tracked, fullyenclosed armored vehicles mounting the largest direct fire gun practical in a rotating turret. Direct fire means the target can be seen by the gunner.
10 The Most Common Tanks in the 1973 War
11 Combat Arms: Artillery Artillery: Gun, rocket, and missile systems which engage the enemy with indirect fire. Indirect fire means the targets are not visible to the firing weapon, usually over the horizon, but sometimes behind hills, forests, towns, etc.
12 BASICS II: Weapons Infantry Weapons Infantry Weapons Assault Rifle (basic weapon of most infantry): selective fire rifle with effective range of about 300 yards. Selective Fire means it can fire single shot or burst. Machine-Gun: Crew-served fully-automatic, usually belt-fed, capable of sustained automatic fire with ranges up to 800 yards in the light role and 1800 yards on a sustained fire mount (usually a tripod). Can deliver rounds a minute. Grenades: Usually hand-thrown (to about 50 yards) but sometimes fired by launchers ( yards range). Most grenades are anti-personnel fragmentation grenades, but some are shaped-charge anti-tank grenades. A shaped-charge round explodes on contact with the armor but is built to channel the explosion forward which blows a hole in the armor. Also called HEAT (High Explosive Anti-Tank). Rocket Launchers: Also called bazookas (in WW2 and Korea) and RPGs (Rocket-Propelled Grenade). Almost always used as a short range ( yards) anti-tank weapon of last resort. Anti-Tank Guided Missiles (ATGM): Light missiles with shaped charge warheads capable of hitting a tank at much longer ranges ( yards). In 1973 only the Arabs had ATGMs.
13 Arab Infantry Anti-Tank Weapons
14 Armor Weapons Armor Weapons Main Gun: In the 1970s most modern g=tank guns were fired a round which was about four inches in diameter (100mm for the Arabs, 105mm for the Israelis). This could fire either a high explosive round against ingfantry or the most powerful antitank round on the battlefield. Machine Guns: A tank usually mounted a machine gun in the turret which could be fired by the gunner and which was lined up with the main gun, so he used the same sight. Some tanks also had an exposed machiune gun on top of the turret to use against aircraft. Crew: Tanks had a crew of four men: driver, gunner, loader, and tank commander. Visibility was very restricted and so usually the commander was the only one who could spot new targets and developing danger. The Israeli tank commander were trained to fight with the turret hatch open and the head exposed, to get a better view of the battlefield. Arab crews tended to fight buttoned up.
15 Artillery Weapons Artillery Weapons Field Guns and Howitzers: The workhorse weapon of artillery. Throws largecaliber (5-inch to 8-inch diameter shells) to long range (6 to 17 miles), and can generally sustain a rate of 1 to 3 rounds per minute. Almost all Arab guns were towed; almost all Israeli were self-propelled. Multiple Rocket Launchers: Can fire salvoes of large-caliber (5-10-inch) rockets out to medium range (6 miles). Cannot deliver the same sustained rate of fire of guns and howitzers, but when I fires, all the rockets arrives at nearly the same time. Used mostly by the Arabs. Artillery Missiles: Very large rockets fired at key targets (like airfields) deep behind enemy lines. The Arabs had a few Soviet-supplied FROG-7 missiles in service. (FROG stands for Free Rocket Over Ground).
16 Artillery Weapons (2) Specialized Artillery Weapons Anti-Tank Guns: Heavy towed or self-propelled high velocity guns, usually 85mm tp 100mm in bore. Could double as conventional artillery. The towed guns were very vulnerable to enemy fire. Only the Arabs used heavy anti-tank guns in Air-Defense Artillery (also called AA Guns): Both towed and self-propelled, most were light automatic guns (20-57mm). Given speed of aircraft, most AA guns were vengeance weapons, but they were so wide-spread they caused most of the air casualties in the war. Surface to Air Missiles (SAMs): Radar-guided missiles fired at long range (15-30 miles), sometimes homing on the heat of the jet exhaust in the final phase of interception. A light shoulder-fired heat-seeking version (Strella) with a range of 2 miles was used by Arab infantry
17 BASICS III: Military Organizations Military organizations are convenient ways of understanding the size and capability of a particular unit. Each such organization had a single leader, and much depends on the skill and judgment of the unit s leader. Most military units are made up of three to five of the next smaller unit. The leader of any one unit can give his orders to his three to five subordinate leaders, instead of having to explain it to everyone.
18 BASICS: Military Organizations Squad: about 12 infantry, one tank, or 1 field gun (Sergeant) Platoon: three squads (40 infantry, 3 tanks, or 2 field guns (Lieutenant) Company: three platoons (150 infantry, 10 tanks, or 4-6 field guns (Captain) Battalion: three companies ( infantry, 33 tanks, or field guns (Lieutenant Colonel) Brigade: three battalions (2,000 infantry, 100 tanks, or field guns (Colonel) Division: three brigades, plus a brigade of artillery and other supporting units (10,000 men, tank, field guns) (Brigadier general or major general)
19 PART 2: The Israeli Defense Force (IDF) Relationship between regular forces and reservists. Increased mechanization of the infantry branch of the ground forces. Modernized and expanded the Air Force Modernized and expanded the armored branch. (Key area of operational focus.) Modernized and mechanized the artillery branch. Tried to institute a new divisional organization. Expanded capabilities for cross-canal assaults. Sayaret (Reconnaissance/Commandoes)
20 Regulars and Reserves Israeli practices mandatory service/conscription. Soldiers serve one term as trainees and active soldiers, then enter the reserves. At this time the term of service was 36 months for men and 24 months for women. (Before 1968 it had been 30 months and 18 months, respectively). This means the Regular army has a professional long-service cadre, but most of its troops are conscripts undergoing training. The actual veteran components of the Israeli Defense Force (aside from a few permanent elite units) were the reservists.
21 Israeli Regular and Reserve Brigades in 1973 Regular Reserve (+8 district ) Total (+8 district )
22 Israeli Air Force Modernized and expanded the Air Force Increased active combat aircraft by 25% (from 286 to 360) Most older aircraft retired or sold. Replaced by new and highly capable aircraft types never seen before in the Middle East. 140 A-4 Skyhawks and 150 F-4 Phantoms provide the bulk of the air strengths. A-4 Skyhawk dedicated strike aircraft F-4 Phantom excellent all-around air superiority aircraft which could double as a fighter bomber. (Could carry heavier bomb load than a World War II B-17 Flying Fortress.) Hawk SAM (surface to air missile) system employed to defend key targets. More lethal than Arab systems, but less numerous (75 launchers)
23 IDF Infantry Branch Increased mechanization of the infantry branch of the ground forces. Most infantry brigades converted to mechanized infantry. Total of six mechanized brigades, each with two mechanized infantry battalions and one tank battalion. Purchased 500 M-113 armored personnel carriers from USA, but preferred the older World War II-era US halftracks. Scoured Europe for used and scrap halftracks. By 1973 had assembled 4,000 personnel carrier versions, plus more as self-propelled mounts for heavy mortars and air defense guns. Enough halftracks to mount most paratroopers as well as th mechanized infantry. Training of mechanized infantry taken over by armor branch: better mounted/mobile skills, deterioration of traditional dismounted infantry skills.
24 IDF Armor Branch Modernized and expanded the armored branch. (Key area of operational focus.) Starting tank park: 350 Shermans, 250 M-48 Pattons, 380 Centurions. Purchased about 300 M-48/M-60 Pattons from USA and 600 Centurions from UK (about 900 new main battle tanks) Upgraded all M-48 and Centurion to 105mm guns, and upgraded most power plants to US diesel engines. Reconditioned 150 captured T-55 tanks (many re-armed with 105mm) Total: 1,650 main battle tanks and 350 Shermans Main battle tanks equip 14 armored brigades and five armored reconnaissance battalions. Shermans equip the tank battalions in the mechanized infantry brigades.
25 IDF Artillery Branch Modernized and mechanized the artillery branch. Almost all towed artillery and mortars made self-propelled (on halftracks or old Sherman tanks chassis) New self-propelled 155mm and 175mm long-range artillery purchased from USA. Israeli armament industry manufacturing new heavy mortars and long-range howitzers, all on self-propelled mounts. Only towed artillery is captured Arab/Soviet artillery intended to be used with airborne troops and carried by helicopters.
26 IDF Organization Ground Forces Organization: Battalions in a brigade 4 Parachute and 2 Infantry Brigades 6 Mechanized Brigades 14 Armored Brigades
27 IDF Organization Ground Forces Organization: Brigades in a division (and separate) 6 Armored Divisions Separate Brigades x 2 x 2 x 4
28 IDF Combat Engineers Expanded capabilities for cross-canal assaults 18 Timsahk amphibians (French Gillois EWKs, called Gillowas by the Israelis. (60 purchased for scrap. Only 18 renovated.) Three Timsahks could ferry a single tank. 20 Unifloat rafts: 60 tons each. Towed by two tanks, and could carry two tanks across canal. Nine rafts could be assembled to make a bridge. Roller Assault Bridge, 180-meters long, 400 tons, 16 tanks needed to tow/push it. Did not corner well.
29 ISRAELI BRIDGING EQUIPMENT
30 The Roller Bridge on Display (post-war)
31 The Roller Bridge in use on the Suez Canal
32 Israeli Commandoes (Sayeret) Israeli term Sayeret means (roughly) reconnaissance, but the mission has evolved into special warfare operations. In 1973 there were (at least) four battalion-sized elite reconnaissance/commando units: one for each regional command (North, Center, and South) and one subordinated directly to the General Staff/main intelligence directorate. There may also have been a Sayeret unit for the parachute branch, and possibly one for the infantry branch, but I am uncertain about those. The known (by me) Sayeret units in 1973 were: General Staff: Unit 269 Sayeret Maktal Northern Command: Unit 483 Sayeret Egoz Central Command: Unit 484 Sayeret Kheruv Southern Command: Unit 424 Sayeret Shaked ( or Ha-Sinai)
33 PART 3: The Egyptian Armed Forces Rebuild Air Force, and build a SAM network Ground Combat Forces Expanded and Reorganized. Infantry extensively trained and re-equipped to defeat Israeli armor. (Key area of operational focus.) Armor expanded, but not the focus of the build-up. Artillery greatly expanded, trained to fight a positional war. Engineering branch called upon to deliver the impossible. And they did.
34 The Egyptian Air Force (and Air Defense) Rebuild Air Force Had only 75 combat aircraft left after 1967 War. Increased to 598. Major investment in establishing a SAM network Backbones are SA-2 and SA-3 (same as North Vietnam used around Hanoi and Haiphong) 800 SA-2 and SA-3 launchers deployed in batteries west of the Suez canal. 2,000 light man-portable SA-7 Strella launchers with infantry. Not nearly As lethal as heavier missiles.
35 The Egyptian Air Force (and Air Defense) New element is introduction of SA-6 launchers Israel did not know they were there. Neither Israel nor US knew anything about their radar 80 mobile launchers deployed west of the canal but ready to move across to support a limited offensive past the range of the SA-2 and SA-3 network.
36 PART 3: The Egyptian Armed Forces Ground Forces Expanded and Reorganized. Infantry extensively trained and re-equipped to defeat Israeli armor. (Key area of operational focus.) Armor expanded (by about 70%), but was not the focus of the build-up. Artillery greatly expanded, trained to fight a positional war. More than doubled the number of artillery pieces (from 575 to 1,210) In addition to divisional artillery, assembled an artillery reserve of four brigades of heavy guns and howitzers and two brigades of heavy mortars (about a third of the total) Almost all artillery towed, not self-propelled. More vulnerable to counter-battery fire. Intended to fire from fixed positions in support of a short advance. Would be at a disadvantage moving forward to support a deep advance or fighting in a mobile battle.
37 PART 3: The Egyptian Armed Forces Ground Forces Organization: Battalions in a brigade 14 Infantry Brigades 10 Mechanized Brigades 11 Armored Brigades
38 PART 3: The Egyptian Armed Forces Ground Forces Organization: Brigades in a division (and separate) 5 Infantry Divs 3 Mechanized Divs 2 Armored Divs Separate Brigades x2 x5 x4 x2
39 PART 3: The Egyptian Armed Forces Engineering branch called upon to deliver the impossible. Moshe Dayan, Israel Defense Minister, declared early 1973 that it would take the combined engineering corps of the United States and Soviet Union to bridge the Suez Canal in force. Canal is lined with tall packed sand ramparts not crossable by vehicles. Israeli engineers estimate it will take two to three days to create a few breaches in the embankments with explosives and earth-moving equipment. Each opening required moving about 1,700 cubic meters of sand and earth (about 2,500 tons of material) Large-scale crossing would require creating a minimum of such openings. Lack of sufficient openings will limit rate at which forces on far bank can be reinforced and supplied. 15,000 well-trained engineering troops in 80 battalions and separate bridging companies. Soviet-designed bridges and amphibious vehicles as well as locally-manufactured expedients A really great idea nobody but the Egyptians thought would work: high pressure pumps and water hoses to scour passages through the sand embankments. Egyptians actually made 60 openings, most of them within two hours. Within 24 hours 20 bridges were in operation across the canal.
40 Egyptian Heavy Pontoon Bridge in Place
41 Egyptian Commandoes (Thunderbolts) Name usually translated as Commandoes, but Ranger may be a better translation. Intended to spearhead amphibious assault crossings and to conduct rear-area raids, delivered by helicopters. Trained primarily to fight in battalion-size groups, not companies or smaller detachments. More an elite spearhead infantry than special operators. Primary mission to ambush Israeli armor, so reinforced with antitank rocket launchers and antitank guided missiles (suitcase Saggers). Total of seven Ranger/Commando groups, each with from two to four batt6alions, so about twenty-five battalions in all.
42 PART 4: The Syrian Armed Forces Significant expansion of Air Force and air defenses (SAMs) Infantry reorganized, but intended as support for armor. Massive five-fold expansion of the armor branch. (Key area of operational focus.) Artillery expanded, but not as much as in Egypt.
43 The Syrian Air Force (and Air Defense) Significant expansion of Air Force and air defense Expansion of Air Force Doubled from 127 to 278. Major investment in establishing a SAM network 300 heavy SA-2 and SA-3 launchers 60 new mobile SA-6 launchers 1000 SA-7 Strella shoulder-fired infantry launchers
44 The Syrian Army Ground forces strengthened and reorganized Infantry reorganized, but intended as support for armor. Massive six-fold expansion of the armor branch. (Key area of operational focus.) Went from about 300 tanks to Went from two armored brigades to eleven. Artillery doubled in size (from 300 to 600 guns) Brigades grouped into permanent divisions for the first time. Only five divisions formed, due to limited pool of senior officers of sufficient loyalty to the regime. Left about half the army as separate brigades. No command headquarters above division level, for same reason as small number of divisions. Greatly complicated command and control during the war.
45 PART 4: The Syrian Armed Forces Ground Forces Organization: Battalions in a brigade 8 Infantry Brigades 6 Mechanized Brigades 11 Armored Brigades
46 PART 4: The Syrian Armed Forces Ground Forces Organization: Brigades in a division (and separate) 3 Infantry Divisions 2 Armored Divisions Separate Brigades x7 x1 x2 para/cdo x4 infantry
47 Syrian Commandoes Syrians raised one parachute battalion and seven commando battalions, all intended as air-delivered elite assault infantry. The commandoes were also politically very reliable and so served as regime defense troops. The parachute battalion and two commando battalions were massed as a Para-Commando Group to assault the Israeli positions on Mount Hermon The remaining five commando battalions formed the Commando Group in the strategic reserve and were not committed to combat until late in the war.
48 NEXT WEEK: WAR! Across Suez The Egyptian Offensive
Israeli Defence Force: The Mechanised Rifle Company
Israeli Defence Force: The Mechanised Rifle Company Infantry squads are armed with FN FAL assault rifles, some of which are the heavy barrelled (HB) version allowing use as a quasi-squad support weapon.
More informationChapter 3 Motorized Infantry and Infantry Brigades
Chapter 3 Motorized Infantry and Infantry Brigades The basic maneuver unit is the brigade, consisting of maneuver battalions and a wide array of combat support and combat service support elements. 1 A
More informationWAR & MILITARY ** ** **
WAR & MILITARY ** ** ** a cease-fire a cruel continued attack a jet crash a military helicopter crash a parade of the armed forces abate hostilities abortive attack abortive attempt admiral admiral of
More informationMECHANIZED INFANTRY PLATOON AND SQUAD (BRADLEY)
(FM 7-7J) MECHANIZED INFANTRY PLATOON AND SQUAD (BRADLEY) AUGUST 2002 HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. *FM 3-21.71(FM
More informationChapter 2 Infantry and Mechanized Infantry Divisions
Chapter 2 Infantry and Mechanized Infantry Divisions The majority of divisions in an infantry-based OPFOR are either infantry or motorized infantry. The primary difference between motorized infantry and
More informationOrganizational Summary American Armored Division 12 February 1944 Table of Organization 17
Organizational Summary American Armored Division 12 February 1944 Table of Organization 17 Division Headquarters (T/O 7-1) 1 Major General, 1 Colonel, 12 Lt. Colonels, 9 Majors, 1 Major or Captain, 16
More informationBeyond Breaking 4 th August 1982
Beyond Breaking 4 th August 1982 Last updated 22 nd January 2013 The scenario set in the Northern Germany during 1982. It is designed for use with the "Modern Spearhead" miniatures rule system. The table
More informationU.s. Marine Corps infantry Platoon
U.S.M.C. Special Rules 1944-45 Every Marine is a Rifleman - During beach assaults, replacements for battle casualties could sometimes not keep up with demand. On many occasions, drivers, stores personnel
More informationUS Marine Corps (1944/45)
US Marine Corps (19/5) The US Marine Corps was on the offensive when 19 started and remained so for the rest of the War. Despite a bloody start on Tawara Atoll in November 193, the Marine Corps learned
More informationUS Army (1942/43) Strategy. Enemies. US Army Summary. Special Rules
US Army (1942/4) The United States had been preparing for war for several years when it finally arrived. Within months they were planning an invasion of Axiscontrolled North Africa and launching counterattacks
More informationAND EQUIPMENT Washington 25, D.C., 29 Februayr 1944 No ranger infantry battalion Designation: Ranger Infantry Battalion. Headquarters Company
AND EQUIPMENT Washington 25, D.C., 29 Februayr 1944 No. 7-85 ranger infantry battalion Designation: Ranger Infantry Battalion Headquarters and Headquarters Company (T/O & E7-86) 6 Ranger Companies (each)
More informationChapter 4 Mechanized Infantry and Tank Brigades
Chapter 4 Mechanized Infantry and Tank Brigades The basic maneuver unit is the brigade, consisting of maneuver battalions and a wide array of combat support and combat service support elements. 1 A separate
More informationCounter-Attack at Villers-Bretonneux
Counter-Attack at Villers-Bretonneux 13 th Australian Infantry Brigade vs 5 th German Guards Division Villers-Bretonneux, France Night of 24 th & 25 th April, 1918 The Battle The Second Battle of Villers-Bretonneux
More informationArmy Assault Forces - Normandy 6-7 June 1944
Army Assault Forces - Normandy 6-7 June 1944 This list identifies Army units that were awarded assault landing credit for the Normandy invasion,6 and 7 June 1944. It includes all units except for platoons
More informationNo Washington, September 15, cavalry reconnaissance squadron, mechanized
TABLE OF ORGANIZATION WAR DEPARTMENT No. 2-25 Washington, September 15, 1943 cavalry reconnaissance, mechanized Designation:...Cavalry Reconnaissance Squadron, Mechanized Headquarters & & service (T/O
More informationOrganization of Russian Armored Corps, Brigades, Regiments, Break Through Regiments and independent Battalions, Summer 1944
Organization of Russian Armored Corps, Brigades, Regiments, Break Through Regiments and independent Battalions, Summer 1944 Armored Corps: Corps Headquarters Armored Command Company (3 T-34/85 Tanks) 1
More informationSection III. Delay Against Mechanized Forces
Section III. Delay Against Mechanized Forces A delaying operation is an operation in which a force under pressure trades space for time by slowing down the enemy's momentum and inflicting maximum damage
More informationHeadquarters, Department of the Army
FM 3-21.12 The Infantry Weapons Company July 2008 Distribution Restriction: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. Headquarters, Department of the Army This page intentionally left blank.
More informationINTRODUCTION TO CREW SERVED WEAPONS B3M4078 STUDENT HANDOUT
UNITED STATES MARINE CORPS THE BASIC SCHOOL MARINE CORPS TRAINING COMMAND CAMP BARRETT, VIRGINIA 22134-5019 INTRODUCTION TO CREW SERVED WEAPONS B3M4078 STUDENT HANDOUT Basic Officer Course Introduction
More informationChapter 1. Introduction
MCWP -. (CD) 0 0 0 0 Chapter Introduction The Marine-Air Ground Task Force (MAGTF) is the Marine Corps principle organization for the conduct of all missions across the range of military operations. MAGTFs
More informationInfantry Battalion Operations
.3 Section II Infantry Battalion Operations MCWP 3-35 2201. Overview. This section addresses some of the operations that a task-organized and/or reinforced infantry battalion could conduct in MOUT. These
More informationUNCLASSIFIED. Close Combat Weapon Systems JAVELIN. Systems in Combat TOW ITAS LOSAT
Close Combat Weapon Systems JAVELIN TOW ITAS Systems in Combat LOSAT February 2005 Mission Statement Provide the Soldier with Superior Technology and Logistic Support to Meet the Requirement for Close
More informationOrganization for Security and Co-operation in Europe GLOBAL EXCHANGE OF MILITARY INFORMATION
Organization for Security and Co-operation in Europe GLOBAL EXCHANGE OF MILITARY INFORMATION 28 November 1994 Programme for Immediate Action Series, No. 5 Note: This document was adopted at the 91 st Plenary
More informationTactical Employment of Mortars
MCWP 3-15.2 FM 7-90 Tactical Employment of Mortars U.S. Marine Corps PCN 143 000092 00 *FM 7-90 Field Manual NO. 7-90 FM 7-90 MCWP 3-15.2 TACTICAL EMPLOYMENT OF MORTARS HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE
More informationChapter I SUBMUNITION UNEXPLODED ORDNANCE (UXO) HAZARDS
Chapter I SUBMUNITION UNEXPLODED ORDNANCE (UXO) HAZARDS 1. Background a. Saturation of unexploded submunitions has become a characteristic of the modern battlefield. The potential for fratricide from UXO
More informationORGANIZATION AND FUNDAMENTALS
Chapter 1 ORGANIZATION AND FUNDAMENTALS The nature of modern warfare demands that we fight as a team... Effectively integrated joint forces expose no weak points or seams to enemy action, while they rapidly
More informationBolt Action v2 Unofficial World War One Modifications March 30, 2017
Bolt Action v2 Unofficial World War One Modifications March 30, 2017 Offered by GAJO Games gajominis@aol.com http://www.gajominis.com 9420 S. Union Square Sandy, UT 84070 801-563-5956 Bolt Action GAJO
More information[23:00:07.05] F-4 takes off. Aerial of A Shau Valley and Da Krong Valley. F-4 lands.
Project Name: Vietnam War Stories Tape/File # WCNAM A23 Dewey Canyon, 173rd Robin Hoods Transcription Date: 8/27 Transcriber Name: Jason Butler Keywords: Dewey Canyon, I Corps, Marines, F-4, A Shau Valley,
More informationTHE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE
THE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE ANNUAL REPORT IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 13(3) - EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF CONVENTIONAL ARMS COVERED UNDER ARTICLE 2 (1) This provisional template is intended for
More informationThe Bear Marches West Alternate Tables of Organization & Equipment for Optional Wargame Scenarios. Glenn Dean
The Bear Marches West Alternate Tables of Organization & Equipment for Optional Wargame Scenarios Glenn Dean The 1980s were a turbulent time for the US Army with the introduction of major changes in equipment
More informationROUTE CLEARANCE FM APPENDIX F
APPENDIX F ROUTE CLEARANCE The purpose of this appendix is to assist field units in route-clearance operations. The TTP that follow establish basic guidelines for conducting this combined-arms combat operation.
More informationColonel Kiyono Ichiki The Battle of the Tenaru
Colonel Kiyono Ichiki The Battle of the Tenaru Micro Melee Scenario: The Battle of Tenaru Page 1 Historical Background "On 13 August 1942, the Japanese High Command ordered Lieutenant General Haruyoshi
More informationdust warfare: glossary
In war-time, truth is so precious that she should always be attended by a bodyguard of lies. Winston Churchill This is the Dust Warfare glossary. This collection of terms serves as a quick reference guide
More informationTHE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE
THE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE ANNUAL REPORT IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 13(3) - EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF CONVENTIONAL ARMS COVERED UNDER ARTICLE 2 (1) This provisional template is intended for
More information18. WARHEADS AND GUIDANCE SYSTEMS
Briefing 1. A wide range of weapons is capable of firing projectiles with warheads. Many of these weapons can fire more than one type of warhead. Most warheads combine a powerful attack factor with an
More informationSoldier Division Director David Libersat June 2, 2015
Soldier Division Director David Libersat June 2, 2015 Soldier Division Maneuver Center of Excellence Soldier Division develops future requirements and manages Soldier capabilities for all Soldiers across
More informationTACTICAL ROAD MARCHES AND ASSEMBLY AREAS
APPENDIX Q TACTICAL ROAD MARCHES AND ASSEMBLY AREAS Section I. TACTICAL ROAD MARCHES Q-1. GENERAL The ground movement of troops can be accomplished by administrative marches, tactical movements, and tactical
More informationTHE ARMS TRADE TREATY PROVISIONAL TEMPLATE
27 August 2015 Submitted by: Facilitator on Reporting, Sweden Original: English Arms Trade Treaty First Conference of States Parties Cancun, Mexico, 24-27 August, 2015 THE ARMS TRADE TREATY PROVISIONAL
More informationThe Bear Marches West
The Bear Marches West 12 SCENARIOS FOR 1980S NATO VS WARSAW PACT WARGAMES Russell Phillips Cover illustration and maps by Aoife Brown Shilka Publishing www.shilka.co.uk Copyright 2012, 2013 by Russell
More informationUnited States 3rd Infantry Division Modern Spearhead list
United States 3rd Infantry Division Modern Spearhead list 1972-1982 Compiled by L. D. Ueda-Sarson; version 1.42: 22 October 2013 General notes: This list covers the 3rd Infantry Division (Mechanized) of
More informationAND EQUIPMENT Washington 25, D.C., 26 February 1944 No infantry regiment Designation:... Infantry. Antitank. 3 battallions (each)
TABLE OF ORGANIZATION WAR DEPARTMENT AND EQUIPMENT Washington 25, D.C., 26 February 1944 No. 7-11 (T/O & E 7-12) (T/O & E 7-12) Service (T/O & E 7-13) infantry regiment Designation:... Infantry Cannon
More informationUnited Nations Register of Conventional Arms. Guidelines for Reporting International Transfers. Questions & Answers
United Nations Register of Conventional Arms Guidelines for Reporting International Transfers Questions & Answers Department for Disarmament Affairs United Nations, New York 2007 TABLE OF CONTENTS Preface
More informationTHE WAR THAT CHANGED THE WORLD
THE WAR THAT CHANGED THE WORLD The 1973 Arab-Israeli War OLLI Fall 2017, Week 4 Frank Chadwick THE HEIGHTS OF COURAGE, THE VALLEY OF TEARS The Syrian Offensive against the Golan October 6-10, 1973 Additional
More informationMarine Corps Tank Employment MCWP 3-12 (CD) Appendix B. Employment with Infantry
Appendix B Employment with Infantry Section 1. General Section 2. Task Organization Section 3. Coordination Section 4. Offensive Employment Section 5. Transporting Infantry B - 1 Section 1. General Marine
More informationTHE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE
THE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE ANNUAL REPORT IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 13(3) - EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF CONVENTIONAL ARMS COVERED UNDER ARTICLE 2 (1) This provisional template is intended for
More informationBathtub D-Day 6 th June, A Flames of War Grand Battle Scenario
Bathtub D-Day 6 th June, 1944 A Flames of War Grand Battle Scenario Operation Overlord, the Anglo-American invasion of Hitler s Fortress Europe, was a pivotal event in the Second World War. This scenario
More informationINTRODUCTION TO CREW SERVED WEAPONS W3I0001XQ-DM STUDENT HANDOUT
UNITED STATES MARINECORPS THE BASIC SCHOOL MARINE CORPS TRAINING COMMAND CAMP BARRETT, VIRGINIA 22134-5019 INTRODUCTION TO CREW SERVED WEAPONS W3I0001XQ-DM STUDENT HANDOUT Warrant Officer Basic Course
More informationNew Artillery Sunday Punch
Pershing... New Artillery Sunday Punch Lt Col William T. Hatter Guided Missile Department Solid propellants, automatic checkout, and new concepts in ground handling equipment and procedures have resulted
More informationLyndon B. Johnson ( )
Lyndon B. Johnson (1963-1969) This week the closure of the Gulf of Aqaba to Israel was an alternative accomplished fact imposed and now being protected by the force of Arab arms. To Israel this is the
More informationTHE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE
THE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE ANNUAL REPORT IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 13(3) - EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF CONVENTIONAL ARMS COVERED UNDER ARTICLE 2 (1) This provisional template is intended for
More informationNATURE OF THE ASSAULT
Chapter 5 Assault Breach The assault breach allows a force to penetrate an enemy s protective obstacles and destroy the defender in detail. It provides a force with the mobility it needs to gain a foothold
More informationThe U.S. military, especially the Army, was in poor shape after Vietnam:
The U.S. military, especially the Army, was in poor shape after Vietnam: #Drug abuse was high #Racism and hate crimes were rampant #Assaults on officers were frequent #U.S. public opinion turned against
More informationFirst Day In Hell - Kursk 5 July 1943
First Day In Hell - Kursk 5 July 1943 In early July 1943, Hitler launched his Operation Zitadelle to pinch off the Kursk salient in 1944. This salient had been created in the fluid situation of early 1943
More informationTHE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE
ANNEX 2 ANNUAL REPORTING TEMPLATE THE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE ANNUAL REPORT IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 13(3) - EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF CONVENTIONAL ARMS COVERED UNDER ARTICLE 2 (1) This provisional
More informationTHE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE
THE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE ANNUAL REPORT IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 13(3) - EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF CONVENTIONAL ARMS COVERED UNDER ARTICLE 2 (1) This provisional template is intended for
More informationTHE INFANTRY PLATOON IN THE ATTACK
In the years before the World War II most of Finland s higher officer cadre had been trained in the military academies of Imperial Russia, Germany and Sweden. However, they soon started to see Finlands
More informationCOMMITMENT. & SOLUTIONS Act like someone s life depends on what we do. MUM-T for the Abrams Lethality Enabler UNPARALLELED
MUM-T for the Abrams Lethality Enabler Presented by: Mr. Anand Bahadur U.S. Army Armaments Research Development and Engineering Center (ARDEC) Anand.Bahadur.civ@mail.mil Phone: (973) 724-8894 UNPARALLELED
More informationTHE ARMS TRADE TREATY PROVISIONAL TEMPLATE
27 August 2015 Submitted by: Facilitator on Reporting, Sweden Original: English Arms Trade Treaty First Conference of States Parties Cancun, Meico, 24-27 August, 2015 THE ARMS TRADE TREATY PROVISIONAL
More informationWorld War I Quiz Air Warfare
World War I Quiz Air Warfare Air Warfare tests your knowledge of aeroplanes. The First World War saw many new weapons, from poison gas to tanks. Also new to the field of war was the aeroplane. First used
More informationThe non-rifled, tapered portion at the inside-rear of the of the barrel that receives the cartridge/charge.
C Calculation of Firing Data Calibration Calibre Call for Fire Cancel At My Command Captain-General The battery command post (BCP) calculates the map bearing, range and angle of sight between the gun and
More informationDIEPPE - BASIC FACTS. Canadians in Battle - Dieppe
DIEPPE - BASIC FACTS To defeat the Axis powers, the Allies knew they had to fight in Western Europe. Even though they were inexperienced, the Second Canadian Division was selected to attack the French
More informationUS 5th Army 14 August 1944
US 5th Army 14 August 1944 5th Army Troops: HQ, 5th Army: British Increment, 5th Army 85th Cipher Section 106th Special Wireless Telegraph Section (less det) "Q" Air Liaison Section (Photo Recon Unit)
More informationTHE WAR THAT CHANGED THE WORLD
THE WAR THAT CHANGED THE WORLD The 1973 Arab-Israeli War OLLI Fall 2017, Week 6 Frank Chadwick INTO AFRICA The Israeli Counteroffensive in the Sinai October 15-22, or 24 or 28, 1973 BUT FIRST The Much-Neglected
More informationTo Whom it May Concern: Regarding the actions of Dwight Birdwell. 2 nd Platoon, 3 rd Squadron, 4th Cavalry, 25 th Infantry
To Whom it May Concern: Regarding the actions of Dwight Birdwell 3 rd Platoon, 3 rd Squadron, 4th Cavalry, 25 th Infantry Written by Oliver Jones, US56956772 2 nd Platoon, 3 rd Squadron, 4th Cavalry, 25
More informationThe United States Army. Lieutenant Colonel Sean Morgan 24 August 2010
The United States Army Lieutenant Colonel Sean Morgan 24 August 2010 LTC Sean Morgan Married, with two children (ages 12 and 8) Commissioned in 1992 (Infantry) from West Point Rifle & Scout Platoon Leader
More informationTable of Organization/Equipment
Iraqi Security Force Order of Battle Published at Montrose Toast Written by DJ Elliott Iraqi Order of Battle (OOB) Appendix B Standard Tables of Organization (ICOD: 30 November 2010) Command Equipment/Notes
More informationEmploying the Stryker Formation in the Defense: An NTC Case Study
Employing the Stryker Formation in the Defense: An NTC Case Study CPT JEFFREY COURCHAINE Since its roll-out in 2002, the Stryker vehicle combat platform has been a major contributor to the war on terrorism.
More informationSkirmishCampaigns: Russia 41-Drive on Minsk Armor Clash. western board edge.
AFTERMATH The advance of the 22 nd Tank Division was poorly coordinated and poorly supported. While temporarily slowing the advance of the 3 rd Panzer Division, it did little to disrupt the German attack.
More information3/15/12. Chris attended St. Mary s Catholic School and Clarksville High School. As a senior in high school he decided he would join the army.
Benjamin F. & Raiford T. Ammons circa 1862. Christopher D. Ammons was born in Norfolk, Virginia on April 18, 1948, the son of Benjamin Troy Ammons and Ester Magna Randolph Ammons of Jackson, TN. The Ammons
More informationCOMBINED ARMS OPERATIONS IN URBAN TERRAIN
(FM 90-10-1) COMBINED ARMS OPERATIONS IN URBAN TERRAIN HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited. *FM 3-06.11 (FM 90-10-1) FIELD
More informationImperial Guard Armored Forces
Imperial Guard Armored Forces General Overview: While most people who face the Imperial Guard will see a relatively similar force, the guard is a massive juggernaut of forces made up from millions of planets
More informationBRITISH MOTORISED SCOUT PLATOON
British Motorised Scout Platoon BRITISH MOTORISED SCOUT PLATOON All models in a British Motorised Scout Platoon benefit from the following special rules as described on page 162 of the RoE rulebook: Stubborn
More informationAmmunition and Explosives related Federal Supply Classes (FSC)
GROUP 13 Ammunition and Explosives Note-Excluded from this group are items specially designed for nuclear ordnance application. 1305 Ammunition, through 30mm Includes Components. 1310 Ammunition, over
More informationTHE STRYKER BRIGADE COMBAT TEAM INFANTRY BATTALION RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON
FM 3-21.94 THE STRYKER BRIGADE COMBAT TEAM INFANTRY BATTALION RECONNAISSANCE PLATOON HEADQUARTERS DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is unlimited.
More informationClimax at Nijmegen Bridge 2012
After Action Report "Nijmegen, Holland, 20 September 1944: Operation Market Garden was to be characterized by intense fighting for the control of a number of vital bridges. Each was a vital link in the
More informationAmmunitions and Weapons Surplus Treatment in the Croatian Armed Forces
REPUBLIC OF CROATIA MINISTRY OF DEFENSE GENERAL STAFF OF THE ARMED FORCES Ammunitions and Weapons Surplus Treatment in the Croatian Armed Forces DS SANKO BAKIJA, MoD M3 LtC IGOR LONČARIĆ, GS J4 1 Contents
More informationTHE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE
THE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE ANNUAL REPORT IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE 13(3) - EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF CONVENTIONAL ARMS COVERED UNDER ARTICLE 2 (1) This provisional template is intended for
More informationStandard Internal Structure German Infantry Divisions
Old Type used from 1939-1943 Divisional HQ: Map Reproduction Section Military Police Section 158 Personnel 2 LMG's 17 Motorcycles 31 Motor Vehicles Standard Internal Structure German Infantry Divisions
More informationHOW SHOULD THE CIVIL WAR BE REPRESENTED?
8 th Grade Inquiry into The Civil War HOW SHOULD THE CIVIL WAR BE REPRESENTED? "The Monitor and Merrimac: The First Fight Between Ironclads", produced by Louis Prang & Co., Boston, 1886. Supporting Questions
More informationHungarian Modern Spearhead lists
Hungarian Modern Spearhead lists 1969-1989 General notes: Compiled by L. D. Ueda-Sarson; version 1.2: 16 January 2016 These list covers the six Motor Rifle and Tank Divisions of the Hungarian People's
More informationSummary Report for Individual Task Issue Fire Orders for Direct Fire Mission Status: Approved
Report Date: 05 Jun 2013 Summary Report for Individual Task 061-266-3320 Issue Fire Orders for Direct Fire Mission Status: Approved DISTRIBUTION RESTRICTION: Approved for public release; distribution is
More informationA FISTFUL OF TOWS: 2000
A FISTFUL OF TOWS: 2000 A Study of Modern Armored Combat 1960-2010 By Ty Beard and Dave Burnett SHORT TABLE OF CONTENTS 1 INTRODUCTION...4 2 SEQUENCE OF PLAY...4 3 THE FORCES...5 4 MOVEMENT AND COHESION...8
More informationCHAPTER 2 THE ARMORED CAVALRY
CHAPTER 2 THE ARMORED CAVALRY Section I. ARMORED CAVALRY REGIMENT 2-1. Organization The armored cavalry regiment (ACR) is used by the corps commander as a reconnaissance and security force; it is strong
More informationMEADS MEDIUM EXTENDED AIR DEFENSE SYSTEM
MEADS MEDIUM EXTENDED AIR DEFENSE SYSTEM MEADS WORLD CLASS THEATER AIR & MISSILE DEFENSE MEADS has been developed to defeat next-generation threats including tactical ballistic missiles (TBMs), unmanned
More informationStandards in Weapons Training
Department of the Army Pamphlet 350 38 Training Standards in Weapons Training UNCLASSIFIED Headquarters Department of the Army Washington, DC 22 November 2016 SUMMARY of CHANGE DA PAM 350 38 Standards
More informationNUMBER 7-55H1 Washington, D.C., 31 December infantry battalion, airmobile division Designation: Battalion, Infantry. Inf Bn
TABLE OF ORGANIZATION HEADQUARTERS AND EQUIPMENT DEPARTMENT OF THE ARMY NUMBER 7-55H1 Washington, D.C., 31 December 1971 infantry battalion, airmobile division Designation: Battalion, Infantry Inf Bn Hq
More informationCHAPTER 1 COMBAT ORGANIZATION. Section I. THE DIVISION
CHAPTER 1 FM 8-10-4 COMBAT ORGANIZATION Section I. THE DIVISION 1-1. Background The division is the largest Army fixed organization that trains and fights as a tactical team. It is organized with varying
More informationLAST UPDATED JANUARY
Federated States of America (FSA) LAST UPDATED JANUARY 11 2016 FIRE TEAMS IN LEGIONS As a matter of expediency certain infantry sections often find themselves separating into distinct Fire Teams to allow
More informationWar Department, and Equipment No *
Table of Organization War Department, and Equipment No. 5-16 * Washington 25, D.C., 13 March 1944 ** HEADQUARTERS AND HEADQUARTERS AND SERVICE COMPANY, ENGINEER COMBAT BATTALION Designation: Headquarters,
More informationTHE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE
ANNEX 7 July 06 THE ARMS TRADE TREATY REPORTING TEMPLATE ANNUAL REPORT IN ACCORDANCE WITH ARTICLE () - EXPORTS AND IMPORTS OF CONVENTIONAL ARMS COVERED UNDER ARTICLE () This provisional template is intended
More informationFigure Company Attack of a Block
Section III Rifle Company Operations 2301. Overview. This section addresses some of the operations the infantry battalion could assign to the rifle company in MOUT. For our focus, the rifle company is
More informationChapter II SECESSION AND WAR
Chapter II SECESSION AND WAR 1860-1861 A. Starting the Secession: South Carolina - December 20, 1860 South Carolina votes to secede - Major Robert Anderson US Army Commander at Charleston, South Carolina
More informationST100-7 Battle Book April 2000 Prepared By: Threat Support Directorate TRADOC, DCSINT Bldg. 53, Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027
ST100-7 Battle Book April 2000 Prepared By: Threat Support Directorate TRADOC, DCSINT Bldg. 53, Fort Leavenworth, KS 66027 TABLE OF CONTENTS OPFOR Battle Book ST 100-7 CHAPTER 1: Structure and Task Organization
More informationMarine Corps Tank Employment MCWP 3-12 (CD) Appendix C. Breaching
Appendix C Breaching Section 1. Breaching Operations Section 2. Types of Breaching Operations Section 3. Breaching Procedures Section 4. Mobility Assets C - 1 Section 1. Breaching Operations Obstacle breaching
More information1THE ARMY DANGEROUSLY UNDERRESOURCED' AUSA Torchbearer Campaign Issue
1THE ARMY DANGEROUSLY UNDERRESOURCED' AUSA Torchbearer Campaign Issue Ffty years ago, Task Force Smith of the 241h Infantry Division- the first American ground forces deployed to defend South Korea - engaged
More informationThe Russian Way of War: Force Structure, Tactics, and Modernization of the Russian Ground Forces. Chapter 4 The Offense
The Russian Way of War: Force Structure, Tactics, and Modernization of the Russian Ground Forces Chapter 4 The Offense 102 The Offense Offensive Theory The attack is a rapid and non-stop movement of armored
More informationMilitary Police Heroism
Military Police Heroism By Mr. Andy Watson On 31 January 1968, North Vietnamese Forces, primarily consisting of Vietcong guerrillas, began the fi rst of several waves of coordinated attacks on all major
More informationERRATA AND EXTRA RULES
ERRATA AND EXTRA RULES 1 Since the release of the Flames Of War, Special Rules and Warriors book we have noticed a couple of errors. as well as some rules that could be worded better. Following is a short
More informationCHAPTER COUNTERMINE OPERATIONS DEFINITIONS BREACHING OPERATIONS. Mine/Countermine Operations FM 20-32
Mine/Countermine Operations FM 20-32 CHAPTER 8 COUNTERMINE OPERATIONS Countermine operations are taken to breach or clear a minefield. All tasks fall under breaching or clearing operations. These tasks
More informationChapter 13 Air and Missile Defense THE AIR THREAT AND JOINT SYNERGY
Chapter 13 Air and Missile Defense This chapter addresses air and missile defense support at the operational level of war. It includes a brief look at the air threat to CSS complexes and addresses CSS
More information