CSDP Civilian Missions. Bert Versmessen, Chief of Staff Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability (CPCC)

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1 CSDP Civilian Missions Bert Versmessen, Chief of Staff Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability (CPCC)

2 EU Common Security and Defence Policy (CSDP) CSDP integral part of Common Foreign and Security Policy (CFSP) Provide the EU with an operational capacity drawing on civilian and military assets ( ) for Missions outside the Union.] Performance of these tasks undertaken using capabilities provided by the MS Decisions relating to the CSDP adopted by the Council acting unanimously on a proposal from the High Representative or an initiative from a MS [.]

3 CONTEXT TEU (art 42 & 43) / Other EU instruments Respond to crisis Support the stabilisation Strengthen the RoL and security sector

4 Civilian CSDP Missions

5 Activities 2016 Civilian CSDP 700 training events for almost 9,000 people (of whom at least 1,300 were women) 800 middle and senior leadership level staff mentored and advised 200 criminal trials on serious and organised crime prosecuted or adjudicated. Influenced the drafting of 110 laws & policies 2.5m worth of equipment provided to local partners and local NGOs

6 Thematic Areas Policing (community; intelligence led policing, criminal investigation, human resource management, case management, co-operation with prosecutors, customs, border management, good governance) Judiciary (support to prosecutorial and judicial governing bodies, personnel evaluations, case management systems, cooperation with police, good governance) Legislative drafting Human rights, gender awareness/mainstreaming Anti-corruption, organised crime, terrorism,

7 Methodology in Missions Mentoring Monitoring Advising Training Investigation Prosecution Adjudication

8 EULEX KOSOVO Duration: launched in 2008, mandate extended until 14 June Strength: 800 internationals (mainly police, judges, prosecutors, customs and administration professionals) and 800 local staff. Third contributing states: Norway, Switzerland, Turkey, Canada and US. Mandate: to monitor, mentor and advise local authorities with regard to police, justice and customs, with executive responsibilities in specific areas (organised crime, war crimes, inter-ethnic crime, public order as second security responder) Tasks: Acting as second security responder (primarily riot control) when local police is unable/unwilling to handle the level of violence (with 4 IPUs) Fight against war crime, organised crime and corruption (with own pool of police investigators, prosecutors and judges) + SITF Support Rule of Law reforms by local authorities to ensure the sustainability of its efforts through Monitoring, mentoring and advising.

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10 EUMM GEORGIA Duration: launched in 2008, current mandate until 14 December Strength: 215 internationals and 129 local staff. Mission HQ in Tbilisi and Field Offices in Gori, Mtskheta and Zugdidi. Mandate: to provide civilian monitoring of Parties' actions, including full compliance with the Six-Point Agreement between Russia, EU and Georgia and its implementing measures throughout Georgia, in order to contribute to stabilisation, normalisation, confidence building, and to informing European policy.

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12 EUAM Ukraine Duration: launched on 1 December 2014; current mandate until 30 Nov Strength: currently deployed 121 international and 123 local staff Mandate: the EU Advisory Mission for Civilian Security Sector Reform Ukraine (an unarmed, non-executive civilian mission) assists Ukrainian authorities by providing strategic advice for the development of effective, sustainable and accountable security services that contribute to strengthening the rule of law in Ukraine, for the benefit of all Ukrainian citizens throughout the country. The EU strategic objective is to create the conditions that would allow a stabilised security situation, re-establishment of the primacy of the rule of law and enhancement of Ukrainian authorities' capacity to ensure adequate and democratic governance of institutions in charge of internal security.

13 Public Order Training (EGF delivery) Train the Trainers 4 Week Training in Kyiv Graduation ceremony Train the trainers

14 EUPOL COPPS Duration: launched in 2006, current mandate until 30 June Strength: 53 internationals (police officers, judicial officials, development advisors) and 41 local staff. Canada and Norway contribute. Mandate: to contribute to the establishment of sustainable and effective policing arrangements under Palestinian ownership in accordance with international standards Tasks: Advise and mentor the Palestinian Civil Police, and specifically senior officials at District and Headquarters level; advise MoI on reforms. Co-ordinate and facilitate EU Member State assistance, and - where requested - international assistance to the Palestinian Civil Police; Advise on police-related Criminal Justice elements.

15 EUPOL COPPS Duration: launched in 2006, current mandate until 30 June Strength: 53 internationals (police officers, judicial officials, development advisors) and 41 local staff. Canada and Norway contribute. Mandate: to contribute to the establishment of sustainable and effective policing arrangements under Palestinian ownership in accordance with international standards Tasks: Advise and mentor the Palestinian Civil Police, and specifically senior officials at District and Headquarters level; advise MoI on reforms. Co-ordinate and facilitate EU Member State assistance, and - where requested - international assistance to the Palestinian Civil Police; Advise on police-related Criminal Justice elements.

16 EUBAM RAFAH Duration: launched in 2005, current mandate extended until June 2017 (action currently suspended) Strength: 4 internationals, 7 locals Location: Rafah border crossing between Gaza and Egypt Mandate: to monitor, verify and evaluate the performance of the PA border control, security and customs officials working at the Terminal; to contribute to Palestinian capacity building; to contribute to the liaison between the Palestinian, Israeli and Egyptian authorities regarding the Rafah Crossing Point.

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18 EUCAP Somalia Duration: launched in 2012, mandate extended until Dec 2018 Strength: 52 international staff + 2 Mandate: to assist the development in the Horn of Africa and the Western Indian Ocean States of a self-sustainable capacity for continued enhancement of their maritime security, including counter-piracy, and maritime governance. EUCAP Nestor is an integral part of the EU engagement in the Horn of Africa, in particular in the fight against piracy. Mission headquarters is in Djibouti with offices in Somalia, Kenya, Djibouti, Seychelles and Tanzania (liaison office).

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20 EUCAP Sahel Niger Duration: launched in July 2012, mandate until July Strength: 74 international staff and 41 local staff. Mandate: to contribute to the development of an integrated, multidisciplinary, coherent, sustainable, and human rights-based approach among the various Nigerien security actors (the Police, Gendarmerie, National Guard, Armed forces) in the fight against terrorism and organised crime. Mission plays a key role in the coordination of donor efforts in the Security sector.

21 EUCAP NIGER activities Mobile Police Station Concept: EUCAP Niger & Niger Police Design & engineering: Toyota Funding: JICA via UNDP National Police School, Niamey Train the trainers

22 Establishing the Agadez antennae (physical) December January Agadez Planning

23 EUCAP NIGER activities Week of 21 March

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25 Establishing the Agadez Antenna (political) H/EUDEL, CivOpsCdr & HOM with Governor of Agadez CivOpsCdr & HOM with Governo of Agadez, PM of Niger Advisor, President of Municipal Council, Mayor of Agadez

26 EUCAP Sahel Mali Duration: established in April 2014, mandate until January Strength: 84 international staff and 39 local staff. Mandate: to support and advice Malian Internal security forces on how to implement the security sector reform as determined by Malian Government. Complementary to EUTM Mali, the mission supports the restructuration of the Police, Gendarmerie and Garde Nationale with a view to help the Malian authorities in ensuring constitutional and democratic order and the conditions for lasting peace through a combination of training activities and the provision of strategic advice.

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28 EUBAM LIBYA Duration : launched in May 2013, mandate until February Strength : currently 18 internationals and 6 local Mandate : to support Libyan authorities to develop capacity for enhancing the security of their land, sea and air borders in the short term and to develop a broader Integrated Border Management (IBM) strategy in the long term Mission relocated to Tunis since July 2014 due to deteriorating security situation.

29 CAPABILITIES The Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability (CPCC) Permanent OHQ for all civilian CSDP missions Established in 2007, 68 staff, Civilian Operations Commander C2 and 24/7 duty of care for approx staff Plan and Conduct Civilian CSDP Operations Political Control and Strategic Direction of PSC Under the authority of the HR/VP

30 CAPABILITIES The Civilian Planning HR VP DSG and Conduct Capability CPCC DIRECTOR / CIVILIAN OPERATIONS COMMANDER DEPUTY / CHIEF OF STAFF MISSION SUPPORT CONDUCT OF OPERATIONS HORIZONTAL Mission Security Coordinator HUMAN RESOURCES EUROPE EU Kosovo OPERATIONAL PLANNING Coordination & Resources EUMM Georgia OPERATIONAL CAPABILITIES LOG, FINANCE, LEGAL, PROC EUAM Ukraine AFRICA EUBAM Libya EUCAP Somalia EUCAP Sahel Niger EUCAP Sahel MALI EU Civilian Operations Commander, Kenneth Deane ASIA / MIDDLE EAST EUPOL COPPS EUBAM Rafah

31 CAPABILITIES Civilian Planning and Conduct Capability How do we do this? Operational planning for new missions: CSO, CONOPS, Council Decision, Mission Budget Conduct: oversight of mandate implementation; reporting to HR and Council Mission Support: oversight of operational implications in relation to equipment, finances, human resources, call for contributions, procurement, code of conduct

32 CAPABILITIES CPCC Contribution to CSDP Development Conceptual Work Elaboration of operational guidelines and standard operating procedures Input to concepts and policies developed by CMPD Permanent Horizontal Tasks Lessons learned, training, exercises Operational engagement with other actors (EU, UN, NATO, OSCE, AU, Interpol, ) Cross-cutting priorities and the Comprehensive Approach (civ-mil, civ-civ, internal/external security)

33 Conditions for success and challenges Planning scope of action and level of ambition Availability of EU MS capabilities Differences of interest amongst the 28 EU MS External pressure/public expectations Local buy-in and ownership Local absorption capacity Equipment and infrastructure

34 Security conditions Co-ordination with others & comprehensive approach within EU (Missions, EC, EUSR, EU MS) => EEAS added value with IC partners (NATO, UN, USA, AU, etc) Mission Support Constraints Force Generation Quality & Quantity Financial crisis Commission funding/ procurement (double chain of command) Security: Force Protection, Accommodation, Transport Requires a mid- to long-term effort End State how to measure success Exit strategy and follow-on action Conditions for success and challenges

35 Q & A