1890 Spanish empire included: Cuba, Puerto Rico, Philippines & Guam

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2 1890 Spanish empire included: Cuba, Puerto Rico, Philippines & Guam Cuba Cuba tried to overthrow Spanish rule between After it failed some escaped to U.S. Led by poet and journalist Jose Marti the exiles gained American support 1894 U.S received nearly 90% of Cuba s exports (primarily sugar) Marti returned to Cuba led another uprising Spanish military institute a policy of reconcentracion (placing hundreds of civilians into guarded camps)

3 Newspapers to attract readers Journalist exaggerated stories after reading Americans wanted to free Cuba from Spain. Key figures: William Randolph Hearst and Joseph Pulitzer Pulitzer (right) and Hearst (left) go to war over the Spanish American War

4 February events made a negotiation impossible The DeLome letter- a letter written by the Spanish minister to the U.S. criticizing Pres. McKinley; this letter was stolen and made public The Maine- U.S. Battleship mysteriously destroyed in the Harbor of Havana, Cuba in Feb. 1898

5 President McKinley sent demands to Spain including negotiations the war in Cuba MUST stop! Congress authorized McKinley to use force and passed the Teller Amendment (a resolution stating that the U.S. had no designs on Cuba and would withdraw troops sent there during the Spanish American War)

6 Philippines Assistant Secretary of the Navy T. Roosevelt cabled the American naval commander in the Pacific, George Dewey, and ordered him in the event of war to proceed immediately to the Philippines and destroy the Spanish fleet at Manila Bay. 5 days after McKinley had signed the war resolution Dewey sunk 10 Spanish Vessels.

7 U.S. troops moved into Santiago Roosevelt led the Rough Riders and the 9 th and 10 th Calvary (most famous incident of the war was their charge up San Juan Hill) American Navy destroyed every Spanish Naval vessel Santiago surrendered

8 lasted 16 weeks 2500 Americans died --> less than 400 in battle Spain surrendered claim to Cuba ceded Puerto Rico & Guam to U.S. sold Philippines for $20 million

9 BE SPECIFIC! Use the power point or the document from class that is on the next slide In your spiral complete a summary of the War using this format: #19

10 DOCUMENT from class: Spanish American War In 1890 the Spanish Empire included: Cuba, Puerto Rico, Philippines and Guam. Cuba tried to overthrow Spanish rule between 1868 and After it failed, some Cubans escaped to the United States. Some that escaped, led by poet and journalist Jose Marti, worked to gain American support. Americans were interested in what was going on in Cuba because in 1894 nearly 90% of Cuba s exports (primarily sugar) came to the United States. Jose Marti eventually returned to Cuba and led another uprising. In response to this, the Spanish military instituted a policy of reconcentracion (placing hundreds of civilians into guarded camps with curfews and limited supplies). During this time period, there were two primary newspapers in New York that were competing for readers. William Randolph Hearst was the editor of The New York Journal and Joseph Pulitzer was the editor of The New York World. To attract readers they exaggerated stories called yellow journalism that pulled at the readers heart and made Americans want to help Cuba gain their freedom from Spain. In February of 1898 two events made negotiations with Spain impossible. First, a letter written by the Spanish Minister to the U.S. written to the Foreign Minister of Spain was intercepted and published in the paper. This letter became known as the DeLome letter and criticized McKinley as weak and incompetent. American s were outraged to learn of this. Following the letter, on the night of February 15th, 1898 the U. S. Battleship Maine, which was anchored quietly in the Havana harbor, was suddenly blown up tearing out her bottom out and sinking her, killing 260 officers and men on board. President McKinley responded to these events by sending demands and attempting to negotiate with Spain. He told them that the war in Cuba must stop and had Congress authorize him to use force if necessary. Congress also passed the Teller Amendment, a resolution stating that the U.S. had no designs on Cuba and would withdraw troops sent there during a Spanish American War. Meanwhile in the Philippines ~ Assistant Secretary of the Navy T. Roosevelt cabled the American naval commander in the Pacific, George Dewey, and ordered him in the event of war to proceed immediately to the Philippines and destroy the Spanish fleet at Manila Bay. Five days after McKinley signed the war resolution Dewey sank 10 Spanish Vessels. Back in Cuba, U.S. troops moved into Santiago. Teddy Roosevelt led the Rough Riders and the 9 th and 10 th Calvary. The most famous incident of the war was their charge up San Juan Hill. The American Navy destroyed every Spanish Naval vessel and Spain surrendered The Spanish American War is considered the Splendid Little War because it only lasted 16 weeks; however, 2500 Americans died even though fewer than 400 of them died in battle. The Treaty of Paris was signed in 1898 to end the war. The treaty stated that Spain would surrender claim to Cuba, and it gave Puerto Rico and Guam to the U.S. Spain then sold the Philippines to America for $20 million. With the addition of these colonies America became an Imperial Power.

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