Air Power in World War I pages A. Define, Describe, or Identify: 1. Allies. 2. Central Powers. 3. U-boat. 4. Escadrille. 5.

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1 Air Power in World War I pages A. Define, Describe, or Identify: 1. Allies 2. Central Powers 3. U-boat 4. Escadrille 5. Machine gun 6. Stalemate 7. Appropriate 8. Strategic 9. Zeppelin 10. Dogfight 11. Strafe 1

2 B. Matching: Match the definition in Column A with the name in Column B. You may use each name only once. Column A Column B 1. He was America s ace of aces during World War I. 2. His assassination touched off World War I. 3. He was the most famous pilot of the Lafayette Escadrille. 4. A wild card who had trouble following Army discipline, he shot down 15 balloons and three airplanes in 17 days. 5. He was the only African-American pilot during World War I. _ 6. The scarlet planes he commanded led to his nickname the Red Baron. 7. He was a strong advocate for enlisted men as pilots in the US armed forces. 8. He bolted an automatic rifle to his plane so he could shoot straight through the propeller. 9. He built an interrupting gear on a plane that would keep its gun from firing when the propeller was in the way. 10. He was an advocate for an independent US air force. a. b. c. d. e. f. g. h. i. j. Roland Garros Franz Ferdinand Eugene Bullard Raoul Lufbery Anthony Fokker Eddie Rickenbacker Frank Luke Billy Mitchell Manfred von Richthofen Hap Arnold 2

3 C. Fill in the Blanks: 1. Eddie Rickenbacker was the only surviving pilot of World War I to receive the during his lifetime. 2. Despite the contributions of brave pilots on both sides, most World War I battles were fought or. 3. Soon after the assassination of Franz Ferdinand, Russia, France,, and were at war against Germany, -, and. 4. In early 1917, Germany once again started American ships. 5. As commander of the 94th Squadron, Eddie Rickenbacker did two important things for his men. He got them equipped with. And he figured out how to keep an airplane s from jamming. 6. Because of his affection for his adopted country, Eugene Bullard agreed to the French government s request that he spy on living in France. 7. A motto emerged by the end of World War I: If you control the air, you cannot ; if you lose the air, you cannot. 8. In September 1918 the Battle of Saint Mihiel in France finally turned the Allies. 9. The four-day Battle of Saint Mihiel established the role of of during. 10. The fighter aircraft of World War I needed three qualities: they had to be,, and. 3

4 D. True/False: Put a T in the blank if the sentence is true and an F if it is false. 1. It was harder for a German to qualify as an ace pilot than for an American, British, or French pilot. 2. Early in 1917, British intelligence discovered a telegram from Germany promising Mexico it could have Texas, Arizona, and New Mexico if the Mexicans entered World War I on the German side. 3. The Marquis de Lafayette, for whom the Lafayette Escadrille was named, was a quirky French nobleman who took up aviation to settle an old score he had with the Red Baron of Germany. 4. Eugene Bullard returned from World War I to start up an airline for African- Americans, who were otherwise barred at the time from flying 5. Even by the end of the World War I, all American pilots were still flying British or French planes. 6. Brig Gen James Allen was an early advocate of using aircraft not just for aerial reconnaissance but to deliver bombs. 7. The first aircraft to drop bombs on Britain was a German zeppelin in Unlike American and other Allied aviation units, the British Royal Flying Corps was independent of its country s infantry. 9. Average aircraft speeds went from 64 mph to 130 mph between 1914 and Brig Gen Billy Mitchell had great support from his Airmen because he had been flying since he was 16. 4

5 1. How many planes did an Allied pilot have to shoot down to earn the ace title? How many did a German pilot have to down? 2. What type of soldiers made up the French Foreign Legion? 3. What two important things did American ace of aces Edward Rickenbacker do for his men? 4. Who was the only African-American pilot during World War I? 5. Which air service accepted him? 6. Did Americans ever fly their own planes during the Great War? 7. Whose planes did they fly? 8. What motto regarding air power emerged by war s end? 5

6 9. What two good ideas concerning combat aircraft did the Germans borrow from the Allies? 10. What was the average airplane speed in 1914, and what was the average speed by 1918? 11. What three specialized types of aircraft had emerged by the end of the war? 12. Explain how the airplane revolutionized war. 6