54 th TACTICAL FIGHTER WING
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1 54 th TACTICAL FIGHTER WING LINEAGE Established as 54th Troop Carrier Wing on 26 Feb 1943 Activated on 13 Mar 1943 Inactivated on 31 May 1946 Redesignated 54th Fighter Wing, and allotted to the Air National Guard, on 1 Jun 1946 Organized in the Georgia Air National Guard on 8 Jul 1946 Extended federal recognition on 2 Oct 1946 Ordered to active service on 10 Oct 1950 Inactivated, and returned to the control of the Department of the Air Force, on 11 Oct 1950 Redesignated 54th Tactical Fighter Wing on 5 Jun 1970 Activated on 15 Jun 1970 Inactivated on 31 Oct 1970 STATIONS Brisbane, Australia, 13 Mar 1943 Port Moresby, New Guinea, 3 May 1943 Nadzab, New Guinea, 18 Apr 1944 Biak, 5 Oct 1944 Dulag, Leyte, 14 Feb 1945 Clark Field, Luzon, 11 Jun 1945 Tachikawa, Japan, 25 Sep 1945 Manila, Luzon, c. 26 Jan-31 May 1946 Marietta AAB (later, Dobbins AFB), Ga, 8 Jul Oct 1950 Kunsan AB, South Korea, 15 Jun-31 Oct 1970 ASSIGNMENTS Fifth Air Force, 13 Mar 1943 Far East (later, Pacific) Air Service Command, 15 Jan-31 May 1946 Georgia Air National Guard, 8 Jul 1946 Fourteenth Air Force, Oct 1950 Fifth Air Force, 15 Jun-31 Oct 1970 (attached to Detachment 1, Headquarters Fifth Air Force [5th ADVON], 15 Jul-30 Sep 1970)
2 ATTACHMENTS WEAPON SYSTEMS C-47, B-17, 1943_1944 C-46, C-54, 1946 Unkn, F-4, 1970 COMMANDERS MG George G. Finch, Col James L. Riley, HONORS Service Streamers None Campaign Streamers New Guinea Leyte; Luzon Armed Forces Expeditionary Streamers Decorations EMBLEM None EMBLEM SIGNIFICANCE MOTTO NICKNAME OPERATIONS Not operational from activation until 20 May Commenced air transport and medical air evacuation operations in support of Fifth Air Force on 26 May 1943, advancing as battle lines permitted. Employed C-47s almost exclusively, but during late 1943 and much of 1944 also used converted B-17s for armed transport missions in enemy-held territory. Supported every major advance made by the allies in the Southwest Pacific, operating from primitive airstrips carved from jungles and air-dropping cargo where airstrips unavailable. Took part in the airborne invasion of Nadzab, New Guinea, in Sep 1943 by dropping paratroopers of the 503d Parachute Infantry Regiment as well as Australian engineers and heavy equipment. In Jul 1944, dropped 1,418 paratroopers on Noemfoor Island to aid the allied invasion forces. Then assumed the task of handling all freight and personnel moving in troop carrier aircraft in the Southwest Pacific, in
3 addition to scheduled and unscheduled air movement of cargo and troops, and air evacuation of wounded personnel. Some C-46s began operating within the wing in late and during 1945 large numbers of C-46s were used in addition to C-47s.By late 1944 and uring the early months of 1945, most wing missions were flown to the Philippines. In Feb the wing flew three more airborne operations, all in the Philippines, to help encircle Japanese concentrations. Wing C-47s dropped napalm on Carabao Island, in Manila Bay, in Mar When hostilities ended, the wing moved the entire llth Airborne Division (11,300 personnel) from the Philippines to Okinawa on short notice, and then began transporting occupation forces into Japan. During Sep 1945, the wing also evacuated over 17,000 former prisoners of war from Japan to the Philippines. The wing served as part of the occupation forces in Japan from 25 Sep 1945 to about 26 Jan 1946, while continuing routine air transport operations and a scheduled courier service. Beginning in Dec 1945 and continuing into mid-1946, most of the wing's components were reassigned to other units or inactivated, and on 15 Jan 1946 the wing became a component of the Far East (soon, Pacific) Air Service Command. Moving to the Philippines, the wing gained new components and flew scheduled routes between Japan, the Philippines, Australia, and the Hawaiian Islands. Replaced by the 403d Troop Carrier Group on 31 May As the 54th Fighter Wing, served the Georgia Air National Guard from Jul 1946 to Oct Ordered to active service on 10 Oct 1950 and inactivated the following day, with personnel used as fillers in other USAF units. In Jun 1970, as the 54th Tactical Fighter Wing, replaced the 354th TFW at Kunsan AB, South Korea. Used attached F-4 squadrons in the Republic of Korea. The 54th Tactical Fighter Wing activated on 15 June 1970, at Kunsan AB, RoK, taking the place of the reassigned 354th TFW. The 354th TFW and the 54th TFW controlled CONUS F-4 units, which were deployed following the seizure of USS Pueblo by North Korea. Two F-4E units were attached during 54th TFW control, the 16th TFS from Eglin AFB, Florida, 33rd TFW ('ED') and the 478th TFS from Homestead AFB, New Mexico, 4531st TFW ('ZE') between June and September The 54th TFW inactivated on 31 October 1970, after a rather short life span. After the end of World War II, plans were implemented to organize the air units of the National Guard into a much larger force. 541 National Guard Air units would be allotted to the various states. Most were support units such as weather detachments, anti-aircraft batteries, bands, aircraft warning, and control organizations, etc. The com bat elements were to be organized into twelve wings further divided into twenty fighter groups and two bombardment groups. Each fighter squadron would be equipped with 25 mission aircraft; P-51D's or P-47D/P-47N's. Additionally, each squadron would have four A-26's for target towing, two AT-6's for instrument training, and one C-47. The first post-war Georgia National Guard Air unit, the 128th Fighter Squadron (SE), was activated at Marietta Army Air Base on 20 August Headquarters, 116th Fighter Group was activated 9 September Headquarters Squadron 54th Fighter Wing was activated on 6 October By 10 December 1946, 18 squadrons were organized in Georgia, most assigned to the 54th Fighter Wing and commanded by General George G. Finch. Although Wing Headquarters was located at the Marietta Army Air Base, 56 elements of the organization were spread throughout seven southeastern states -Georgia, Alabama, North Carolina, South Carolina, Tennessee, Mississippi, and Florida.
4 The 54th Fighter Wing was the first and the largest post WWII Air Guard Wing formed in the United States. The Wing was entirely self-sustaining in the field having all necessary attached units including medical, engineer, signal, and communication units. The 54th Wing had as its tactical units three fighter groups: the 116th with headquarters at Marietta, Georgia: the 117th, centered in Birmingham, Alabama; and the 118th, with headquarters in Nashville, Tennessee. The 116th Fighter Group consisted of the 128th Fighter Squadron (P-47) at Marietta, the 158th Fighter Squadron (P-47) at Savannah, and the 157th Fighter Squadron (P-51) at Columbia, South Carolina, the 159th Fighter Squadron (P-51) at Jacksonville, Florida, and the 198th Fighter Squadron (P-47) at San Juan, Puerto Rico. The 117th Fighter Group included the 160th Fighte Squadron (P-51) and the 106th Bombardment Squadron (A-46) a Birmingham and the 153rd Fighter Squadron (P-47) at Meridian Mississippi. The 118th Fighter Group consisted of the 105th Fighte Squadron (P-47) at Nashville, Tennessee and the 155th Fighter Squad ron (P-47) at Charlotte, North Carolina. Each of the three fighter groups had a corresponding Air Servio Group and each of the squadrons had its own weather station am utility flight. From 1946 until 1950 Air National Guardsmen in Georgia pur sued an energetic course of training. An important phase of thi training was the required 15-day summer training period. The first full-scale exercise of the wing took place at Chathan Field, Savannah, Georgia in the summer of The next year, the Georgians of the 54th trained at Eglin Field, Florida. In 1950, Georgia components of the Wing diversified their training by holding their exercises in scattered locations. Wing Headquarters, along with th 154th AC&W Group and other separate elements of the Georgia Air National Guard, went to Myrtle Beach, South Carolina. The 116th Group, with the exception of the 128th Fighter Squadron, trained at Hunter field, Savannah. The 128th stayed at its home base, Dobbin AFB, where pilots concentrated on flying their new F- 84's. The exercises of 1950 were held with enthusiasm. The Korea conflict had begun, and the Air Guard's mission was clear. Genen Finch returned from his new assignment at the National Guard Bureau to visit the 54th units at field training. He promised them the when the call up came they would be the first to go. On 10 October 1950, the 54th Fighter Wing was included in the initial list and inducted into the active Air Force. Colonel J. L. Riley, later promoted to Brigadier General, replaced Major General George G. Finch as Commanding General of the 54t Fighter Wing when General Finch became Chief of the Air Fore Division of the National Guard Bureau. The 54th Troop Carrier Wing was activated in Australia on 13 May, 1943, and operated as part of the Fifth Air Force. Prior to creation of the Wing, the 21st and 22nd Transport Squadrons had been redesignated Troop Carrier Squadrons. Other Troop Carrier Squadrons joining them were the 6th and the 33rd. All these squadrons were assigned to the 374th Troop Carrier Group under Lt Col
5 Erickson Nichols. In December, 1942, when he returned to the states, Col Paul H Prentiss (later brigadier general) was placed in command. It was from the 374th Troop Carrier Group that the 54th Troop Carrier Wing was formed, and Col Paul H Prentiss remained in command. Other groups and squadrons that later served under the 54th Troop Carrier Wing included the 2nd Combat Cargo; the 317th, 375th and 433rd Troop Carrier Squadrons; the 333rd and 415th Signal Companies; the 21st Service Group; and the 804th Medical Air Evacuation Squadron. The book "Moresby to Manila via Troop Carrier," which was published in Australia in 1945, tells the story of the critical part the 54th played in enabling General MacArthur to return to the Philippines as he pledged to do. The book was edited by Richard Jacobson, Public Relations Officer. It contains many stories and pictures of the various campaigns. It also gives a good picture of how the men lived and worked all those years in the jungles of the Southwest Pacific. The mission of the Troop Carriers was to fly from forward bases into front-line fields and drop supplies to infantry engaged in battle, and to carry paratroopers to fields of battle. General George C Kenny, Allied Air Force chief in the Southwest Pacific, said, "The...railroad car of the last war has been replaced by the C-47 airplane...men, food, munitions, and artillery now go by air...war as waged in New Guinea would be impossible without air transportation." The 54th Troop Carrier Wing played an essential role in winning the war with Japan. The entire Wing, as well as its individual groups and squadrons, received many letters of commendation for jobs well done, before it was finally inactivated in the Philippines on 31 May, Air Force Order of Battle Created: 3 Jan 2011 Updated: Sources
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