13. Research utilization is essentially synonymous with evidence-based practice. A) True B) False

Transcription

1 1. Research utilization is a process that begins with: A) A clinical problem that needs to be solved B) A problem-focused trigger C) A knowledge-focused trigger or research finding D) A well-worded clinical question 2. If a specific nursing procedure in a hospital were modified on the basis of research findings, this would be an example of: A) Conceptual or indirect utilization B) Persuasive utilization C) Direct or instrumental utilization D) None of the above 3. Which of the following is an example of a systematic review? A) An evidence report from AHRQ B) A meta-analysis in the Cochrane Collaboration C) A metasynthesis in a journal D) All of the above 4. Most evidence hierarchies put which of the following at the pinnacle? A) Randomized clinical trials B) Meta-analyses of multiple clinical trials C) Metasyntheses D) Quality improvement projects 5. Which of the following is not a major barrier to research utilization in nursing? A) The absence of clinically relevant nursing studies B) The inadequate preparation of many nurses for critically evaluating nursing studies C) The failure of hospitals and other organizations to reward nurses for EBP efforts or to give them adequate release time D) The scarcity of published replication of nursing studies that show promise for EBP 6. Which of the following models was explicitly developed with the idea that individual nurses could engage in RU-type activities? A) Iowa Model B) Ottawa Model C) Cochrane Model D) Stetler Model Page 1

2 7. In the following clinical question, what is the outcome? What is the effect of relaxation therapy versus biofeedback on the functional ability of patients with rheumatoid arthritis? A) Functional ability B) Rheumatoid arthritis C) Biofeedback D) Relaxation therapy 8. In the following clinical question, what is the exposure? Does taking antidepressants affect the risk of suicide for cognitively impaired adolescents? A) Adolescence B) Suicide C) Antidepressant use D) Cognitive impairment 9. What are the two components of clinical foreground questions about meaning and processes? A) Population and intervention B) Comparison and situation C) Process and outcome D) Population and situation 10. Which of the following is a question that would be asked as part of the process of appraising research evidence? A) Where can I find the evidence? B) How rigorous and reliable is the evidence? C) What type of trigger should I use? D) Is a relevant systematic review available? 11. Which of the following can be used to critically appraise clinical practice guidelines? A) An AHRQ evidence report B) The Iowa model C) The AGREE instrument D) A critically appraised topic (CAT) Page 2

3 12. Assessing the implementation potential of a nursing innovation includes which of the following activities? A) Determining the clinical relevance of the innovation B) Assessing its costs and benefits C) Evaluating the scientific merits of relevant studies D) All of the above 13. Research utilization is essentially synonymous with evidence-based practice. 14. The evidence-based practice movement originated in the United States. 15. A well-known early nursing research utilization project is the CURN project. 16. A typical evidence hierarchy ranks the strength of evidence for all types of clinical questions, including questions about interventions, diagnosis, prognosis, and meaning. 17. A metasynthesis integrates knowledge from multiple qualitative studies. 18. In a meta-analysis, the unit of analysis is an individual study rather than an individual study participant. 19. The Diffusion of Innovations Theory was developed by Stetler. Page 3

4 20. PICOT is the acronym for components of clinical foreground questions. 21. Systematic reviews are a key resource for answering clinical background questions. 22. A key step in an individual EBP effort is to integrate appraised research evidence with local contextual information. 23. Problem-focused triggers in the Iowa Model are more akin to an EBP path than a research utilization path. 24. An important aspect of assessing the implementation potential of an innovation is evaluating the transferability of the findings to a new setting. Page 4

5 Answer Key 1. C 2. C 3. D 4. B 5. A 6. D 7. A 8. C 9. D 10. B 11. C 12. B 13. B 14. B 15. A 16. B 17. A 18. A 19. B 20. A 21. B 22. A 23. A 24. A Page 5