9/29/2014. Disclosure: I, Amber Sanders have no financial relationship to disclose. Objectives. Medication Safety in Pediatric Populations

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1 Medication Safety in Pediatric Populations By: Amber Sanders Disclosure: I, Amber Sanders have no financial relationship to disclose Objectives Identify Pediatric Medication Safety Guidelines Institute for Safe Medication Practices (ISMP) Identify pediatric population susceptibility unique characteristics Implement three strategies for prevention 1

2 What are medication errors? Any PREVENTABLE event that may cause or lead to inappropriate medication use while the medication is in the CONTROL of the healthcare professional. Examples of Medication Errors. Prescribing errors Order communication Product Labeling Packaging Compounding Dispensing Distribution Drug Administration Patient Education Drug use and monitoring Understanding Medication Errors Demonstrate safe medication handling procedures within a clinical setting Medication Error Prevention and Safety Identify unsafe practices and characteristics that make medication errors more susceptible. Personally removing all negative mind sets Make a strategy and understand the significance of YOUR role in prevention. Know ISMP 2

3 Who is ISMP? Nonprofit organization devoted to medication error prevention and safe medication practices Widely known and respected for 30 years Distribute information on how to prevent errors Confusing or misleading naming, labeling, packaging and device design. Increase the understanding and education for Healthcare Professionals about medication error prevention. Why is the ISMP important? The ISMP is based on a 5 step system of solutions: 1. Drug Knowledge 2. Drug Analysis 3. Drug Education 4. Drug Cooperation 5. Drug Communication Why is ISMP important? Information obtained from ISMP is based on reviewing donated, detailed information from self-charted mistakes and lessons learned from various healthcare professionals. 3

4 Drug Error Statistics from ISMP 770,000 injuries or deaths within a single year are caused by PREVENTABLE medication errors There is a lack of communication, information and accountability with healthcare professionals. Inpatient preventable medication errors cost $16.4 billion Outpatient preventable medication errors cost $4.2 billion Only 13% of PCP s reported communicating with a pharmacist about dosing Drug Error in Pediatrics Medication errors tend to be 3x higher for pediatric patients VS adult patients A majority of pediatric patients are only days old and weigh less than 5lbs Drug delivery systems are not designed for pediatric patients. Individual doses need to be reviewed to fit specific needs according to: weight, age and delivery. Dosing is much more complicated Narrow therapeutic windows Extra precaution with dilutions Pharmacy Technician Responsibilities Safety in the Pharmacy Environmental Safety Personal Safety Error Prevention and Identification 4

5 Safety in the Pharmacy Maintain a safe work area Wear the appropriate gear Use proper handling procedures Know how to respond in emergencies Be able to locate accurate information handbooks Environmental Safety (patient trust) Provide accurate service Correct dispensing Medication in date Caution with narcotic prescriptions Clean/Sterile work areas and counters Proper lighting and functioning equipment Proper shelving and medication separation S.A.L.A.D drugs Contraindications Personal Safety Common route administrations Dosage ranges Proper medication storage Always make SELF habits of double and triple checking your work! Place yourself in the patients/parents shoes! 5

6 Error Prevention Stay informed! Medication and food reactions and side effects Right patient information drug strength route dosage time Remove Negative Mindsets! QUESTION A Pharmacy Technician is IMPORTANT You provide a key role in healthcare You work as a team member with the Pharmacist There is no such thing as a lowly technician Don t be intimidated by accountability It is your license too! 6

7 Communication Teamwork Adequate Work flow (things that matter) Look out for each other Go the extra mile Work ethic Be sterile Be neat Stay informed and educated Stay focused and think ahead Admit when you are uncomfortable doing certain tasks Dilutions, reconstitutions and additives Pharmacy Technician Training Create a comfortable teaching/learning atmosphere Develop a consistent teaching method Remind the trainee, speed comes with time but accuracy is more important Start with personal strengths then develop them When in doubt start over, better to fix a possible mistake than make a bigger one by guessing References ASHP Guidelines on preventing Medication Errors in Hospitals. American Journal of Hospital Pharmacy 50 (1993): American Society of Hospital Pharmacists. Cohen, Michael R. Preventing Medication Errors in Pediatrics and Neonatal Patients Medication Errors. Washington, D.C.: America Pharmacists Association, Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA)