KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE USE OF COACHING IN NURSING

Transcription

1 KNOWLEDGE ABOUT THE USE OF COACHING IN NURSING MACHADO, Bruna Parnov 1 ; LIMA, Suzinara Beatriz Soares 2 ; TONINI, Tanise Finamor Ferreira 3 ; PAES, Lucilene Gama; 4 KINALSKI, Daniela Dal Forno 5 ABSTRACT This study aimed to characterize the publications about coaching in nursing field and analyze how coaching is being used by nursing. It is an integrative literature review, qualitative and descriptive, realized in the databases Banco de Dados de Enfermagem (BDENF), Scientific Eletronic Library Online (Scielo), Literatura Latino- Americana e do Caribe em Ciências da Saúde (LILACS) and National Library of Medicine (MEDLINE). Was used the content analysis to construct the categories: Coaching in Nursing Management, Coaching in Care and Healthcare Education for Pacients and Coaching in Development Staff Process. Was identify thay coaching is used in nursing with international predominance, mostly in staff management, healthcare education and development of clinical practice. However is need to deepen studies about coaching in different settings. Therefore, emphasizes the importance of develop research about coaching in the Brazilian reality. Keywords: Nursing; Health Management; Management; Personnel Management 1 Reporter. Nurse; Current Master s of the Program of Post Graduation in Nurse (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS,Brazil. bruninha_pmachado@hotmail.com 2 Supervisor. Nurse; Professor of the Nurse course (UFSM); Vice Director of Nursing of the University Hospital (UFSM), Santa Maria,RS, Brazil. suzibslima@yahoo.com.br 3 Nurse; Current Master s of the Program of Post Graduation in Nurse (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS,Brazil. tanisefinamor@bol.com.br 4 Nurse in Sapucaia do Sul. Specialist in Public Health, Current Master s of the Program of Post Graduation in Nurse (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS,Brazil. lucilene_paes@hotmail.com 5 Student of the 6 th semester - Nursing course of Universidade Federal de Santa Maria (UFSM), Santa Maria, RS, Brazil. danikinalski2809@hotmail.com. 1

2 1. INTRODUCTION Etymologically coaching comes from a coach, an old word of French origin that means the mode of transportation a person from one place to another. Chariots covered named koczi were used to protect the inhabitants from regional weather while being transported from one place to another, also shares a common ancestor with the English verb coax, which means persuading, inducing, train, teach, instruct, preparar 1. Linked to the concept of leadership, coaching is related to the essential capacity of leadership a team in which the leader and the led form a partnership to identify and achieve goals, focusing on contributing to the improvement of led s personal and professional performance 2. Many are the definitions and concepts designed for the coaching process however in the various perspectives adopted, the common points are linked to the development of a "insigth" personal or group, a performance released on specific goals, support and encouragement, experiment and use efficient of capacity of questioning or interrogating 3. Despite being very widespread internationally and nationally in the areas of executive management and sports, coaching in nursing, still has a few scientific studies and publications. Regarding incorporation into health organizations, coaching now represents an indispensable tool for self-healing behavior and learning, and the coaches are reflected as necessary elements for their institution 4. Due to the need of deepening theme, this literature review about coaching had the following objectives, in general, identify in national and international literature what is being produced about the coaching process in the nursing area. Still, specifically, to characterize the coaching and analyzing how coaching is being used by Nursing. 2. METHOD This is a literature review, qualitative and with descriptive approach. Were made searches in BDENF, Scielo, LILACS and MEDLINE databases, during the month June For this purpose was held a consultation on DECS (Descriptors in Health Sciences), however there wasn t contained the word coaching. Thus, we chose to use the keywords: nursing, coaching, with the boolean operator and, as a way to capture a morecovers of publications. 2

3 In BDENF was found 0 posts, in Scielo was found one publication, on Lilacs was found 1 publication and MEDLINE were founded 245 publications. In view of this, it was decided that the process of organizing and data analysis were divided into two steps: characterization and thematic analysis. Based on this systematization, 119 texts were selected from the sample of 247. Were included all kinds of publications, from the year 2000 because the increasing number of publications about this subject from that date, and were excluded those that presented escape goals. So the first stage s data were organized with the aid of an instrument composed of: title, author, publication year, journal, country of origin, country of publication, language and availability of the summary and the full text online. In the second step, was realized a selection of publications that constituted the analysis corpus, totalizing 44 articles. For this, was applied the following inclusion criteria: being a scientific article, have free access to full text online and being in Portuguese, English and Spanish language, with the time frame Were excluded other types of texts, editorials, reviews, theses, dissertations and monographs. The results of this second stage were organized into a table summary, following the components: title, year, purpose, approach to coaching and main conclusions. For the analysis, was used as methodological Bardin s content analysis RESULTS AND DISCUSSION The year of publication, in which there was a higher number of publications was the year 2010, followed by the year However, until the month of June 2011, had already 12articles published. This number may represent that the publications, in the same yeartend to overcome all the previous years. The origin country with the largest number of publications was the United States with 73 (seventy three), followed by Britain with 16 (sixteen) and Australia with seven (7), Brazil had only 1 (one). In respect of countries where the studies were published, the United States appear again in first place with 79 (seventy nine), England in second with 19 (nineteen) and Germany in third with six (6) publications, Brazil published only one (1). Regarding language texts were found 109 (one hundred and nine)in English, 6 (six) in German, 1 (one) in French, 1 (one) in Japanese, 1 (one) in Spanish and 1 (one) Portuguese. 3

4 Were found articles published in 75 distinct journals, being that containing the largest number of publications were Beginnings with six (6), Creative Nursing with six (6), Journal of Nursing Administration with five (5), Nursing Administration Quartly with five (5 ), the only periodical with publications about the subject was the USP Journal of Nursing with one (1). Of the 119 (one hundred nineteen) publications characterized, only 77 (seventy seven) had the full text with free and available online. 3.1 Coaching in Nursing Management It was possible to identify that coaching was used as a tool to improve aspects of management in nursing. Among these: conflict management, development of managerial skills, in leadership development, training of members of the nursing team, to improve the quality of services provided to patients, decreasing the stress of nurses in managing people of different generations in the workplace and for assessment pain in pediatric. 3.2 Coaching in the Care and Health Education for Patients The studies reported coaching, focused on health education for patients being performed by the nurses as much in the hospital, as outpatients at home and so presential and also through virtual and video recordings. In these kinds of interventions, appears the concept of "Health coaching", which is a term used to describe the application of coaching processes in healthcare in favor of the prevention and rehabilitation of patients. The examples more cited by the publications were the use of coaching for: pain management in patients with cancer and patients with chronic diseases such as diabetes type 2, heart diseases. Coaching was also used to promote the welfare to patients with fibromialgia, elderly patients with osteoarthritis and people with urinary incontinence. 3.3 Coaching in People Development Process 4

5 The coaching is considered a successful strategy to establish goals and plans for the development team. Group sessions with nurse managers proved to be beneficial because helped the learners to share different perspectives to the same problem 6. In the perspective of coaching process, an effective learning environment is where all members of the team are learners and work to personal development and collective insight to improve practice. In addition, mentoring, coaching and action learning strategies to be used to achieve these goals 7. The publications also presented studies that direct for the use of coaching in training new nurses and also for the development of clinical practice and learning for the workers. 4. CONCLUSION It was possible to identify that coaching was used as a tool to improve aspects of management in nursing. Among these: conflict management, development of managerial skills, in leadership development, training of members of the nursing team, to improve the quality of services provided to patients, decreasing the stress of nurses in managing people of different generations in the workplace and for assessment pain in pediatric. REFERENCES 1.Stern LR. Executive Coaching: A Working Definition. Consulting Psychology Journal: Practice and Research Abr; 56(3): Araújo K, Ferreira MAA. O exercício da liderança por meio do estilo coaching na gestão de equipes. Rev. Administração em Diálogo, 2009 Fev; 13(2): Clutterbuck D. Coaching Eficaz: como orientar sua equipe para potencializar resultados. 1ª ed. São Paulo: Gente, 2008, 307p. 4. Cardoso MLAP. Liderança coaching: um modelo de referência para o exercício do enfermeiro líder no contexto hospitalar. 2006, 104p. Dissertação (Mestrado em Enfermagem) Departamento de Enfermagem. Universidade Federal de São Paulo, São Paulo. 5. Bardin L. Análise de conteúdo. 4 ed. Lisboa: Edições 70,

6 6. DeCampli P, Kirby KK; Baldwin C. Beyond the classroom to coaching: preparing new nurse managers. Crit Care Nurs Q Abr-Jun;33(2): Nash S, Scammell J. How to use coaching and action learning to support mentors in the workplace. Nurs Times Jan 26-Feb 1;106(3):