THE NATIONAL INVESTMENT IN RESEARCH. Professor Vicki Sara Chair, Australian Research Council

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1 THE NATIONAL INVESTMENT IN RESEARCH Professor Vicki Sara Chair, Australian Research Council

2 National Innovation System Public Research Institutes Knowledge Creativity Flow Private Enterprise Universities

3 Science Linkage 3.0 Science Linkage Israel US Canada Australia UK World Sweden Nethlnd Finland Japan Taiwan

4 New Economy is Dependent on Basic Scientific Research New Economy Old Economy Misc Machinery Motor Vehicles & Parts Misc Manufacturing Biotechnology Pharmaceuticals Semiconductors & Electronics

5 The Research Continuum Long Time to Produce Benefit Short High Risk Low Economic, Social, Environmental Benefit

6 Private Sector Patents Depend on Publicly- Funded Research About 96% of Australian scientific papers cited in private sector Australian-invented US patents are from publiclyfunded institutions Private Sector 3.6% Hospitals (All) 12.0% 45.7% University Other Govt 4.2% 16.0% CSIRO 18.5% Univ. Affiliated Med. Center

7 What role should we expect of government? To support a fundamental base of knowledge and expertise To improve interfaces between researchers and users To support the supply of highly trained and skilled researchers

8 Annual Number of Scientific Research Papers per Million Population Switzerland Israel Sweden Denmark Finland Canada Netherlands United Kingdom New Zealand Australia Norway United States Belgium France Germany Australia produces 2.7% of the world s scientific research papers. Normalised for population, Australia s share ranks it tenth in the world. Source: Australian Science and Technology at a Glance 2000

9 International Patenting Performance 100,000 USA US patents granted in ,000 1, New Zealand Switzerland Sweden Belgium Finland Denmark Austria Norway Singapore Ireland Taiwan Korea Netherlands Australia Spain UK Canada Italy France Germany Japan ,000 10,000 GDP 1996 (US$ billion) Australia actual = 800 shortfall = 548

10 Australia s Expenditure on R&D Percentage of GDP Ranking Gross Expenditure 1.64% 14/25 countries Government Agencies and Universities 0.85% 4/25 countries Business Expenditure 0.79% 19/25 countries Figures are for (latest available) Source: S&T Budget Statement (Australia)

11 Summary of Government Initiatives The Virtuous Cycle: Working together for health and medical research Double NHMRC Funding Review of Business Taxation Venture Capital Knowledge and Innovation: A Policy Statement on Research and Research Training Strategic Framework

12 Summary of Government Initiatives Innovation Unlocking the Future & The Chance to Change Creating an ideas culture Generating ideas Acting on ideas

13 The Role of the ARC Econom ic Social Environm ental Benefits Public Research Institute Linkage Private Enterprise University Research Discovery

14 ARC Discovery Programme Innovation Investment Fund ARC Linkage Programme (SPIRT) Commercialising Emerging Technologies Programme (COMET) Cooperative Research Centres Programme (CRCs)

15 ARC Linkage Programme - SPIRT Large Companies 57% Small/ Medium Enterprises 43% Participation in CRGs Large Companies 49% Small/ Medium Enterprises 51% Participation in APA(I)s

16 Cooperative Research Centres Programme Collaborative links between industry, research organisations, educational institutions and government agencies Focus on commercial outcomes Usually unincorporated joint venture between participants (though can be incorporated companies) Usually based within universities Research in natural sciences or engineering Industry-relevant education and training experience for graduate and postgraduate students

17 Commercialising Emerging Technologies Programme (COMET) Aims to improve performance in the commercialisation of research and development D evelopment of tailored assistance programs by private sector case managers Develop business plans or market research to compete for equity funding from venture capital fund managers and business angels Assistance is between A$20,000 - A$50,000 with A$100,000 cap

18 Innovation Investment Fund (IIF) D evelop small, new-technology companies to commercialise research and development; D evelop a self-sustaining, early-stage, technologybased venture capital industry; D evelop fund managers with experience in the early-stage venture capital industry; and Establish in the medium term a "revolving" or selffunding program.

19 Key Factors Research quality Business receptors Linkages Venture capital Management skills Regulatory and business environment

20 Structural and Cultural Barriers Academic environment Culture Reward systems Researchers as entrepreneurs Intellectual property ownership and management

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