Innovative Entrepreneurship Education of Greek informatics graduates ( ): how innovation is perceived in virtual business planning?

Transcription

1 Faculty of Informatics and Telecommunications, University of Athens Alexandros Kakouris & Panagiotis Georgiadis Innovative Entrepreneurship Education of Greek informatics graduates ( ): how innovation is perceived in virtual business planning? DIME-AEGIS LIEE/NTUA ATHENS 2010 CONFERENCE The emergence and growth of Knowledge Intensive Entrepreneurship in a comparative perspective. Studying various aspects in different contexts NTUA, Athens, April 29-30, 2010

2 (0) Introduction Overview ( I ) Exploring current perceptions of graduates (1) Sampling (2) Identification of nascent and latent entrepreneurship (3) Beliefs that concern innovative entrepreneurship ( II ) Innovation emergence in virtual business plans (1) Courses methods and formation of organic groups (2) Entrepreneurial opportunity identification (3) Innovation and initial capital per firm (4) Monitoring the courses impact Conclusions

3 (0) Introduction Background remarks: Knowledge intensive entrepreneurship Academic entrepreneurship / spin offs The role of knowledge intensive SMEs / spin outs / innovation clusters Oslo manual (OECD 2005) definitions and measurements Product/Service Process Marketing innovation Organizational innovation Social innovation and eco-innovation GEM report for Greece Nascent and latent entrepreneurs attitudes European Entrepreneurship Education(Oslo Agenda 2006)

4 (1) Exploring graduates beliefs Methodology Theory of Planned Behavior (TPB) Behavioral Normative Control Intension Presently we explore general beliefs without distinction on their originand actual effecton the behavior i.e. Behavioral and control beliefs Behavior (TPB-like items) agree / disagree affirmatively stated scored by a 5-item Likert scale

5 (1) Exploring graduates beliefs Sampling (N=230) Nascent M (85%) EE Latent M (79%) EE Normal 60 (26%) (53%) 43 (19%) (33%) 127 (55%) M (63%) EE (32%) Nascent= 37% Latent =16% Normal =47% EE= yes 86(37%) M=65 (76%) Total sample 230 Nascent= 19% Latent =21% Normal =60% EE= no 144(63%) M=100 (70%) Gender: Male: 165 (72%) Female: 65 (28%)

6 (1) Exploring graduates beliefs Sampling (N=230) Nascent M (85%) EE Latent M (79%) EE Normal 60 (26%) (53%) 43 (19%) (33%) 127 (55%) M (63%) EE (32%) >27 WE WE WE (82%) (84%) (75%) N L NP WE= yes : N (27%) L (20%) N (53%) WE= no : N (22%) L (14%) N (64%) Working experience Yes: 180 (78%) No: 50 (22%)

7 (1) Exploring graduates beliefs Results (1)Absolutely disagree (2)Rather disagree (3) Neutral (4)Rather Agree (5)Absolutely Agree Mean Score Q1 Entrepreneurship concerns SMEs (solely) 2.94 (*) Q20 Entrepreneurship is a solution of necessity 3.58 Q2 The entrepreneur is born (no E. Education) 2.21 (#) Q21 Success depends on the devotion to a business plan Q7 Success does not depend strongly on 2.71 (#) Q22 The entrepreneur uses capital of others 2.59 Q8 Q9 business idea SMEs low in supply chain are more likely to succeed Entrepreneurship is a career option for everyone Q11 The use of own fund makes the entrepreneur robust DIME AEGIS LIEE/NTUA, (&) entrepreneurship education ATHENS 2010 Mean Score Q25 Entrepreneurship is an act of innovation 3.45 (^) 3.26 (*,^) Q27 Intrapreneurshipis not possibledue to the bureaucracy of large companies 3.63 Q28 Communication and participation in networks is a key-factor for success Q17 Entrepreneurship is a mindset 3.07 (*,^) Q30 Risk and uncertainty ismanaged through the advice of consultants Q19 SMEs are more successful in organized developed countries Dependences on: (*) intension, (#) gender (^) business owing family (&) Q31 Bank loans are inevitable for entrepreneurs 2.24 Q33 Entrepreneurship is a livelihood 3.89

8 (1) Exploring graduates beliefs Results (1)Absolutely disagree (2)Rather disagree (3) Neutral (4)Rather Agree (5)Absolutely Agree Mean Score Q1 Entrepreneurship concerns SMEs (solely) 2.94 (*) N:3.75 L: 3.37 NP: 2.42 Mean Score Q2 The entrepreneur is born (no E. Education) 2.21 (#) Q7 Success does not depend strongly on 2.71 (#) business idea M:2.32 F: 1.95 M:2.81 F: 2.48 Y:3.14 N: 3.57 Q25 Entrepreneurship is an act of innovation 3.45 (^) Q9 Entrepreneurship is a career option for everyone 3.26 (*,^) Y:2.95 N: 3.38 N:3.00 L: 3.49 NP: 3.31 Q17 Entrepreneurship is a mindset Q19 SMEs are more successful in organized developed countries 3.07 (*,^) 3.16 (&) Y:3.35 N: 2.97 N:3.32 L: 3.26 NP: 2.90 Y:2.90 N: 3.31 Dependences on: (*) intension, (#) gender (^) business owing family DIME AEGIS LIEE/NTUA, (&) entrepreneurship education ATHENS 2010

9 (2) Virtual Business Planning Organic groups Innovation & Entrepreneurship optional course blended learning Lectures Online support Consultancy/Mentoring Business game (online) open-ended problem solving virtual business plan For a full description (Kakouris 2008) 222 students 58 new firms

10 (2) Logos Organic groups

11 (2) Virtual Business Planning Opportunity identification Types of entrepreneurial opportunities and mean initial capital(ardichvili et al., 2003) Unidentified VALUE SOUGHT Identified VALUE Un- I. Dreams II. Problem solving CREATION defined CAPABILITY Number of groups = 3 Initial capital per firm = 225K Initial capital per person = 75K Number of groups = 41 Initial capital per firm = 160K Initial capital per person = 50K Defined III. Technology transfer IV. Business formation Number of groups = 6 Initial capital per firm = 75K Initial capital per person = 46K Number of groups = 8 Initial capital per firm = 365K Initial capital per person = 115K

12 (2) Virtual Business Planning Innovation Innovation: Product Service Process Incremental often disruptive in nature Social innovation and eco innovation Entrepreneurial opportunity versus innovation Innovation level of the entrepreneurial opportunity Poor Medium High Number of groups Initial capital per firm(in K ) Initial capital per person(in K )

13 (2) Virtual Business Planning Impact Knowledge intensive induced opportunistic necessity overall Parameters Quality & innovation Marketing Consultancy Fear management Partnership Finance Shift: (III) > (IV) KIE marketistic psychological

14 (3) Conclusions In the present study : what a 3-year teaching can tell us about students conceptions on innovation in entrepreneurship? for students beliefs and attitudes about innovative entrepreneurship: males are more likely to be nascent entrepreneurs females are more willing to follow entrepreneurship education there is tendency to use own-funds in start-ups there is a need for clarification of the connection of entrepreneurship to SMEs there is a decay in necessity entrepreneurship arguments for innovation emergence in virtual business planning: the opportunity identification is predominantly demand driven innovation observed as product/service/process and as social/green initial capital per person drops to 40 K for a high degree of innovation the course impacts graduates towards knowledge intensive entrepreneurship

15 (3) Thank you for attention! Call for papers Guest Editor: Dr Alexandros Kakouris, NKUoA, Greece Professor Panos H. Ketikidis, CITY College, Greece Special Issue on: "Innovative Entrepreneurship: Sources of Innovation, Policies and Learning Manuscript due: 15 November 2010 First Notification: 17 January 2011 Second Notification: 14 March 2011 Final manuscript due: 16 May