Alaska s 2018 STEM & Innovation Report Card

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Milton Barrie Walters
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Alaska *STEM = Science Biology, Chemistry, Marine Biology, Physics, Science Technology Computer / Information Systems, Game Design, Developer, Web / Software Developer Engineering Chemical, Civil,

Series Alaska s 2018 STEM & Innovation Report Card There s bipartisan consensus: Keeping America Great means protecting America s World Leadership in Science, Engineering & Technology.

is the only way to address an increasingly difficult struggle to maintain our U.S. standard of living, national security and global economic competitiveness.

must significantly improve the capabilities of our science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) workforce.

setcvd.org Science & Engineering Indicators 2018, published by the National Science Board, provides a broad base of quantitative information on the U.S. and global science and engineering enterprise.

1 Alaska *STEM = Science Biology, Chemistry, Marine Biology, Physics, Science Technology Computer / Information Systems, Game Design, Developer, Web / Software Developer Engineering Chemical, Civil, Computer, Electrical / Electronics, Photonics, General & Mechanical Engineering Mathematics & Statistics Accounting, Auditors, Financial Specialists (TM) ASTRA s 2018 STEM Innovation Vital Signs Series Alaska s 2018 STEM & Innovation Report Card There s bipartisan consensus: Keeping America Great means protecting America s World Leadership in Science, Engineering & Technology. And that requires maintaining federal funding for science and engineering R&D as a top budget priority. Expanding the innovation capacity of the U.S. is the only way to address an increasingly difficult struggle to maintain our U.S. standard of living, national security and global economic competitiveness. Through sustained federal, state and private funding, we must also invest more in research programs and science & engineering infrastructure. The U.S. must significantly improve the capabilities of our science, technology, engineering, and math (STEM) workforce. A National Science Foundation (NSF) study found that 73% of the scientific papers cited in commercial patents were funded by taxpayers through the federal government, especially through university research operations. 1 For More Information: STEM in Your State The Science-Engineering-Technology Working Group (SETWG) has sponsored the annual STEM on the Hill Congressional Visits Day Program since See Science & Engineering Indicators 2018, published by the National Science Board, provides a broad base of quantitative information on the U.S. and global science and engineering enterprise. It is created biennially by the National Science Foundation s Division of Science Resources Statistics (SRS). See The Congressional Research Service has produced Science & Technology Issues in the 115th Congress at ASTRA s Web Sites include See also store.usinnovation.org for free downloads of all ASTRA State STEM Report Cards 2018 and the ASTRA EdTech Revolution in Education. Get a daily, free download of US Innovation Today, our daily innovation newsletter at verticalresponse.com/s/usinnovationtodaynewsletter 2/21/18, 9(53 AM What s in This 2018 STEM & Innovation Report Card? A Call to Action for Alaska...p. 1 What does STEM Mean?...p. 1 Global R&D Spending & Alaska s Future...p. 1 Alaska s Innovation X-Ray: Rank & Location Quotient (LQ)...p. 2 Alaska s Fastest Growing STEM Jobs for p. 3 Student STEM Interest in Alaska by Ethnicity & Gender from (MyCollegeOptions )...p. 4 How the SBIR Program Benefits US Economic Growth...p. 5 The EPSCoR Program and Alaska R&D...pp. 6 R&D Expenditures of Selected Countries (In billions of current PPP 4 dollars) CAUSE FOR ALARM: Share of Global R&D U.S. Share Continues to Decline Source: CRS Analysis of Organization for Economic Development & Cooperation, OECD Stat database, Growth in R&D Expenditures for Selected Countries Since Source: CRS Analysis of Organization for Economic Development & Cooperation, OECD Notes: Global R&D includes the expenditures of the OECD countries, Argentina, China, Romania, Russia, Singapore, South Africa, and Taiwan. Share computed in PPP terms. PPP = Purchasing Power Parity. PPP is used to determine the relative value of different currencies and to adjust data from different countries to a common currency allowing direct coparisons among them Dr. Robert S. Boege for ASTRA, The Alliance for Science & Technology Research in America and store.usinnovation.org for free downloads of ASTRA s State STEM & Innovation Report Cards. STEM on the Hill is powered by ASTRA data. 1. NSF-sponsored study, March 1997; 2 and 3. Sources: The sources of this data include a variety of federal government agencies, including the U.S. Office of Management & Budget and the National Science Foundation.

2 ASTRA s 2018 STEM Innovation Vital Signs Series (TM) Alaska s Innovation X-RAY: Measuring Alaska s Top 20 Industries by Location Quotient (LQ) Location quotient (LQ) is a valuable way of quantifying how concentrated a particular industry, cluster, occupation, or demographic group is in a region as compared to the nation. It can reveal what makes a particular region unique in comparison to the national average, which is defined as 1.0 In more exact terms, location quotient is a ratio that compares a region to a larger reference region according to some characteristic or asset. Industry LQ is a way of quantifying how concentrated an industry is in a region compared to a larger geographic area, such as the state or nation. The basic uses of industry LQs (and, by extension, for clusters and occupations as well) include these: To determine which industries make the regional economy unique. To identify the export orientation of an industry and identify the most export-oriented industries in the region. To identify emerging export industries beginning to bring money into the region. To identify endangered export industries that could erode the region s economic base. Source: EMSI 2028 Rank 5 NAICS* Description 2028 LQ 2018 Jobs 2028 Jobs Change % Change Silver Ore Mining % Seafood Product Preparation and Packaging ,582 9,188 (394) (4%) Gold Ore Mining ,920 4, % Finfish Fishing ,973 3,698 (1,275) (26%) Scheduled Freight Air Transportation ,398 1, % Shellfish Fishing ,532 2,366 (166) (7%) Deep Sea Freight Transportation % Coastal and Great Lakes Freight Transportation % Pipeline Transportation of Crude Oil % Copper, Nickel, Lead, and Zinc Mining % Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Water ,039 1, % Other Marine Fishing % Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Other (9) (4%) Scenic and Sightseeing Transportation, Land (52) (6%) Hydroelectric Power Generation % Support Activities for Nonmetallic Minerals (except Fuels) Mining % Support Activities for Metal Mining % Bed-and-Breakfast Inns % Nonscheduled Chartered Passenger Air Transportation ,091 1,088 (3) (0%) Support Activities for Oil and Gas Operations ,191 6, % *NAICS = North American Industry Classification System Rank How Alaska Ranks Nationally in Key Alaska Total U.S. Innovation Metrics (latest) 6 51 High-Tech Manufacturing Exports ($Millions) $33 $389 Billion 51 High-Tech Share of All Manufacturing Exports (%) 6.1% 28.6% 46 IT Services Exports ($Millions) $15 $36 Billion 45 IT Share of All Services Exports (%) 0.9% 5.2% 49 Royalty and License Services Exports ($Millions) $59 $131 Billion 49 Royalty and License Share of All Exports (%) 3.5% 19.1% 51 Patent Filers Per 1,000 Workers Patents Filed Per 1,000 Workers Public R&D Funding Per Worker ($) $827 $1,059 Sources: 5. EMSI; 6. U.S. Patent & Trademark Office, USASpending.gov, U.S. Census Bureau U.S. Innovation.org Innovation Metrics: Are You Measuring What Matters? More than 3,000 innovation hubs and clusters now operate in the U.S. If you enjoy our STEM & Innovation Report Cards about your state, we can generate even more detailed data to better inform your own community leaders and elected officials. They re making difficult decisions about economic development and workforce investments, and they need the facts. ASTRA s U.S. STEM Innovation Analytics Project is part of our new ASTRA National STEM & Innovation Data Center (ANSIDC). ASTRA s policy experts actively seek additional partners and organizations to help us expand U.S. innovation capacity and competitiveness at all levels... Please join us if you need more facts-based measurement of local economies, workforce and talent pools, emerging technologies, skills and education, demographics and much more... For more information contact Dr. Robert Boege, ASTRA s Executive Director for 18 years, at: rboege@comcast.net

3 ASTRA s 2018 STEM Innovation Vital Signs Series Alaska Alaska s Innovation X-RAY: Alaska s Future Workforce: Top 40 STEM Jobs 2028 Rank 7 SOC* Description 7. Source: ASTRA s Global STEM & Innovation Data Project and EMSI occupation employment data are based on final EMSI industry data and final EMSI staffing patterns 3/17/17. *SOC = Standard Occupational Classification 2018 Jobs 2028 Jobs Change % Change + / - National Average (LQ) Total Alaska STEM Jobs 45,619 50,172 4,553 10% Registered Nurses 6,136 7,212 1,076 18% Civil Engineers 1,290 1,261 (29) (2%) Clinical, Counseling, and School Psychologists 1,100 1, % Computer User Support Specialists 1,046 1, % Network and Computer Systems Administrators 1,036 1, % Medical and Health Services Managers 1,034 1, % Computer Systems Analysts % Engineers, All Other (35) (5%) Family and General Practitioners % Pharmacy Technicians % Zoologists and Wildlife Biologists (66) (9%) Petroleum Engineers % Medical Records and Health Information Technicians % Licensed Practical and Licensed Vocational Nurses % Physicians and Surgeons, All Other % Environmental Scientists and Specialists, Including Health % Computer Programmers (66) (10%) Computer Occupations, All Other (4) (1%) Physical Therapists % Software Developers, Applications % Sales Reps., Whsl. & Mfg., Technical & Scientific Products % Mechanical Engineers % Pharmacists % Nurse Practitioners % Occupational Health and Safety Specialists % Dental Hygienists % Civil Engineering Technicians (9) (2%) Dentists, General % Electrical and Electronics Engineering Technicians (15) (3%) Speech-Language Pathologists % Forest and Conservation Technicians (69) (15%) Geoscientists, Except Hydrologists and Geographers % Computer and Information Systems Managers % Physician Assistants % Emergency Medical Technicians and Paramedics % Health Diagnosing and Treating Practitioners, All Other % Environmental Engineers % Medical and Clinical Laboratory Technicians % Geological and Petroleum Technicians % Chiropractors % 3.63

ASTRA s 2018 STEM Innovation Vital Signs Series Alaska s Innovation X-RAY: Shaping the Future: Alaska Students Interest in STEM Jobs 2017 Alaska High School Students Interest in STEM Careers: Class

4 ASTRA s 2018 STEM Innovation Vital Signs Series Alaska s Innovation X-RAY: Shaping the Future: Alaska Students Interest in STEM Jobs 2017 Alaska High School Students Interest in STEM Careers: Class of 2017 by Gender & Ethnicity Keeping STEM students from dropping out of the STEM Talent Pipeline is essential in meeting U.S. STEM Job demands for the future. The Charts 8 on this page represent Alaska s portion of an in-depth nationwide look at more than 6 million high school students in the MyCollegeOptions program in Overall, U.S. students college major/career aspirations were used to determine their interest in STEM-related fields. The survey reveals that nationwide, nearly 30% more than 1.6 million students would like to pursue STEM careers in their futures. See how Alaska compares below. 8. Source: MyCollegeOptions.org for more information shapingthefuture@mycollegeoptions.org Grad Year Male Female Grad Year American Indian Asian American African American Hispanic White % 17.3% % 18.7% % 18.2% % 17.5% % 16.6% % 17.7% % 16.1% % 17.3% % 14.1% % 17.8% % 29.2% 28.9% 23.8% 29.5% % 30.5% 26.8% 21.6% 30.5% % 27.8% 18.4% 33.5% 29.1% % 27.6% 24.7% 31.0% 27.7% % 26.6% 25.7% 26.4% 32.2% % 30.0% 24.3% 32.8% 31.7% % 32.7% 25.3% 22.9% 32.4% % 27.5% 28.2% 25.8% 33.5% % 26.9% 34.6% 25.9% 33.5% % 31.9% 30.2% 32.9% 34.8% Alaska STEM Interest by Gender Alaska STEM Interest by Self-Identified Ethnicity 50% 40% 45% 35% 40% 35% 30% % Students 30% 25% 20% % Students 25% 20% 15% 15% 10% 10% 5% 5% 0% Male Female 0% American Indian Asian-American African-American Hispanic White

Focus on SBIR / STTR A Remarkable Return on Taxpayers Investment How the SBIR / STTR Program Keeps America Secure and Growing SBIR / STTR Funds High-Tech Small Business Innovations that Private

5 Focus on SBIR / STTR A Remarkable Return on Taxpayers Investment How the SBIR / STTR Program Keeps America Secure and Growing SBIR / STTR Funds High-Tech Small Business Innovations that Private Funding Doesn t Overview by the Small Business Technology Council The Small Business Innovation Research Program (SBIR) and Small Business Technology Transfer Program (STTR) form the backbone of high-tech small business funding. America s high-tech small businesses depend on SBIR/STTR to fund the next generation of high-tech innovations because, for the vast majority of small businesses, private funding simply isn t available. On the surface, it appears that private venture capital (VC) seed stage funding is keeping pace with SBIR/STTR funding, with SBIR/ STTR awarding a total of $10.8 billion vs. VC Seed Stage deals totaling $9.5 billion over Remarkable ROI for SBIR Shown in U.S. Air Force Multi-year Study Well over half of the Air Force Phase II contracts 58 percent resulted in sales of new products and services based on the innovations developed with these contracts. Companies reported the following direct commercialization-related outcomes from their Phase II contracts: But the truth is that VC funding is heavily concentrated by sector and state, with 56% of all VC funding going to companies in California and Massachusetts. Those companies outside that narrow geographical sector cross section end up competing for a relatively small slice of the VC Seed Stage Funding pie. For example, if you exclude all deals in Massachusetts and California AND all Software, Internet, or Telecommunications deals, the remainder adds up to only 10% of VC Seed Stage funding, equal in total on average to about 180 deals and $175 million a year. While SBIR /STTR also skews in favor of states like California and Massachusetts, the divide is much less severe. States that receive literally no VC funding, like Wyoming and South Dakota, at least receive some SBIR/STTR awards. And SBIR / STTR also funds technology in sectors that VC has no interest in, such as agriculture and biotech. Recent data has also shown that mergers and acquisitions by large businesses in North America are also slowing down, reducing from a peak of around 14,000 in 2015 to approximately 10,500 in This reduction in mergers and acquisitions comes in spite of strong economic numbers nationwide over the past 2 years. The research team used IMPLAN economic-impact assessment software to estimate the total economic impacts related to both the $4 billion in Air Force SBIR/STTR Phase II contracts and subsequent $14.7 billion in sales of new technologies. Results included: The study was commissioned by the Air Force SBIR/STTR Program. It is the first-ever comprehensive study of the economic impacts of an entire federal SBIR/STTR program. The study was conducted by TechLink, a federally funded technology transfer center at Montana State University-Bozeman, in collaboration with the Business Research Division (BRD) of the Leeds School of Business at the University of Colorado Boulder. For more information, contact the Small Business Technology Council by linking to:

Focus on EPSCoR / IDeA A Federal-State Partnership to Build Research Capacity Across the Nation EPSCoR / IDeA Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) & The Institutional

Competitive Research (EPSCoR) in 1979 because Congress was troubled by the uneven distribution of federal research and development grants.

This status quo ignored the dramatic growth in regional educational and research institutions.

across the country. EPSCoR provided a solution. EPSCoR is now a federal-wide initiative, spanning five agencies.

Through, participating states and territories are building a high-quality, university-based research infrastructure, which serves as a backbone to their scientific and technological enterprises as

Building Research Excellence By increasing the quality of research within the jurisdictions, the federal-state partnership: facilitates U.S.

technological enterprise; builds local, state, and national support for stronger science and technology research and education; expands economic opportunity and creates jobs through improved

6 Focus on EPSCoR / IDeA A Federal-State Partnership to Build Research Capacity Across the Nation EPSCoR / IDeA Established Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) & The Institutional Development Award Program (IDeA) A Necessary and Sound Investment in our Nation s Future The National Science Foundation created the Established (formerly Experimental) Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR) in 1979 because Congress was troubled by the uneven distribution of federal research and development grants. After World War II, federally funded academic research grew dramatically, but national science policy, at the time, tended to funnel resources to a small number of states with centers of excellence. This status quo ignored the dramatic growth in regional educational and research institutions. In every state, talented American youth aspired to careers in science, technology, engineering, and mathematics, but the nation was not profiting fully from the wealth of ingenuity and skill embedded across the country. EPSCoR provided a solution. EPSCoR is now a federal-wide initiative, spanning five agencies. The largest of these initiatives is known as the Institutional Development Award (IDeA) program and was established at the National Institutes of Health in Through, participating states and territories are building a high-quality, university-based research infrastructure, which serves as a backbone to their scientific and technological enterprises as well as a strong and stable economic base. Today, the programs are accelerating science and technology for U.S. global competitiveness, prosperity and security. Building Research Excellence By increasing the quality of research within the jurisdictions, the federal-state partnership: facilitates U.S. world leadership in science and technology by strengthening the nation s research capability; encourages all parts of the country to participate in and benefit from a strong scientific and technological enterprise; builds local, state, and national support for stronger science and technology research and education; expands economic opportunity and creates jobs through improved education and technology transfer; and prepares a diverse and highly competent scientific and technical workforce. Stimulating Competitiveness Awards to jurisdictions represent the highest-quality research. At the core of each of the programs is a mutually beneficial federal-state partnership. Each awarded project undergoes a multi-staged and rigorous peer review. At the state level, EPSCoR/ IDeA projects are aligned with and responsive to state and institutional needs and priorities. At the federal level, participating agencies externally review projects for merit to ensure they meet national standards of quality, innovation and transformative impact. In so doing, EPSCoR/ IDeA programs enable researchers and institutions to compete more effectively for mainstream research funds. The EPSCoR program has contributed meaningfully to jurisdictions increased competitiveness for NSF funds. - Institute for Defense Analysis (IDA) Science and Technology Institute. December Evaluation of the National Science Foundation s Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research (EPSCoR): Final Report. The Nation requires the talent, expertise, and research capabilities of all States in order to prepare sufficient numbers of scientists and engineers, remain globally competitive and support economic development. - National Academy of Sciences, National Academy of Engineering, and Institute of Medicine The Experimental Program to Stimulate Competitive Research. Scope In FY 2019, operates in the states of: Alabama, Alaska, Arkansas, Delaware, Hawaii, Idaho, Kansas, Kentucky, Louisiana, Maine, Mississippi, Montana, Nebraska, Nevada, New Hampshire, New Mexico, North Dakota, Oklahoma, Rhode Island, South Carolina, South Dakota, Vermont, West Virginia, and Wyoming, and the Commonwealth of Puerto Rico, Guam, and the U.S. Virgin Islands. The set of eligible jurisdictions may vary among agencies. Five federal agencies have programs: National Science Foundation National Institutes of Health National Aeronautics and Space Administration U.S. Department of Energy U.S. Department of Agriculture

Nebraska s 2018 STEM & Innovation Report Card

Nebraska s 2018 STEM & Innovation Report Card *STEM = Science Biology, Chemistry, Marine Biology, Physics, Science Technology Computer / Information Systems, Game Design, Developer, Web / Software Developer Engineering Chemical, Civil, Computer, Electrical