Strategy for Supporting Sustainable Development of NMHSs by Japan

Transcription

1 Fourth Technical Conference on Management of MHSs in Asia - Case Study - Strategy for Supporting Sustainable Development of NMHSs by Japan Toshihiko HASHIDA Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA)

2 Outline of this Presentation Overview of international cooperation of Japan for supporting development of NMHSs including its strategy and several examples - by the Japan Meteorological Agency (JMA) directly or through WMO framework, and - through Official Development Assistance (ODA) of the Government of Japan Empirical consideration for further mobilizing resources toward sustainable development of NMHSs

3 Missions of the Japan Meteorological Agency prescribed in the Meteorological Service Law To contribute to extend public welfare - Prevention and mitigation of natural disasters - Safety of transportation - Development and prosperity of industry To cooperate internationally through provision of data/products, training and expert services, support of Japan s ODA activities

4 JMA s Operational Activities at a Glance and its Support to NMHSs as RSMC etc. Observations Space Based Observation Upper Air Observation Radar Observation Surface Observation Ocean Observation Data Collection Analysis, Forecast, Application Computer System for Meteorological Services Numerical Weather Prediction Collection and Dissemination of Meteorological Data Forecast NMHSs Offices Issuance of Products Information Issuance End User & NMHSs Products Warnings, Advisories Typhoon Forecast Weather Forecast One Week Forecast Aeronautical Met. Information Marine Met. Information International Data Exchange 7 日 21 時 8 日 21 時 6 日 21 時台風第 10 号 955hPa 9 日 21 時

5 JMA as WMO s Regional/Global Centers Weather monitoring and forecasting - Gestational Meteorological Satellite (1978-) - GDPFS RSMC (1968-), RSMC Tokyo - Typhoon Center (1988-), RSMC EER (1997-) Telecommunication and observation systems - GTS RTH (1968-), RRC (1965-), RIC (1997-), GCOS/GSN monitoring center (1999-) Environment and climate - GAW WDCGG (1990-), GAW QA/SAC (1995-), Regional Climate Center

6 Training Programs and Expert Services by JMA Providing training programs and expert services to developing countries for decades. The series of the Japan International Cooperation Agency (JICA) three-month training course for meteorology has received more than 251 meteorologists from NMHSs Making a variety of technical supports in cooperation with JICA and other national authorities for aid programs of Japan

7 Training Activities in 2006 JICA Group Training Course in Meteorology 12 September to 16 December 2006, Japan Typhoon Operational Forecasting Training July 2006, Japan Introduction to weather observation at the Kansai Aviation Weather Service Center, JMA Real-time analysis of KAEMI (0605) at the JMA s operation room

8 Support to NMHSs by JMA through WMO VCP JMA has been supporting NMHSs through WMO VCP mainly by (a) Implementing yearly training course in meteorology in cooperation with JICA, (b) Financial contribution to VCP(F) from multilateral ODA fund of JMA, and (c) Encouraging Japanese instruments manufacturers to supply in-kind equipments. (a) (b) (c)

9 Recent WMO/VCP In-kind Supports to NMHSs by Instrument Manufacturers (Private Sectors) Donor Manufacturer EKO Instrument Co., Ltd. Koshin Electric Co., Ltd. TOTEX Corporation Meisei Electric Co., Ltd. In-kind product for support One set of pyranometer, Digital integrator and printer One wind vane/anemometer TOTEX 350g balloons TOTEX 500g balloons One AWS system Recipient Country Year proposed Swaziland 2001 Serbia and Montenegro 2003 Guinea Bissau 2003 Armenia 2005 Sri Lanka 2005 Kiribati 2004, 2005 Niue 2006 Vanuatu (800pcs) 2003 Mozambique (300pcs) 2003 Peru (100pcs) 2006 Guinea (100pcs) 2006 Argentina (400pcs) 2006 Myanmar 2005

10 Utilization of ODA by Japan - Existing Resources and Opportunities - ODA Official Development Assistance Bilateral Grants Bilateral ODA Loans JBIC/JICA Contributions/ Subscriptions to Multilateral Donors Technical Cooperation JICA Grant Aid Cooperation MOF, MOFA,.. MOFA Other Official Flows, Private Sectors, NGO/NPO

11 Purposes of ODA by Support Schemes To target development of human resources ---> Technical Cooperation(TC) To support basic human needs (BHN) and human resource development ---> Grant Aid (GA) To support self-help efforts and sustainable development for the country ---> ODA Loans To meet the priority requirement of development policy of the country

12 Technical Cooperation (TC) Toward development of the human resources necessary for the economic progress of developing countries, TC activities include: Dispatch of TC experts, Acceptance of technical training participants, Provision of equipments and materials for technical transfer, Project-type type TC, involving all of the above, Dispatch of volunteers (Japan Overseas Cooperation Volunteers, Senior Volunteers), Disaster relief, etc. JICA is responsible for most of Japan s TC.

13 Technical Cooperation by JICA (Ownership) Japan s cooperation is based on the concept of supporting the self-help efforts of the country by joint implementation, in which JICA bears the costs of a project and tries to minimize burden of the country in planning. Ownership of the project lies with the recipient country, while scale and implementation plans of the project are drawn up based on projection of capability of the responsible organization to continue the project by the organization s defraying the operational costs after the cooperation period has concluded.

14 Framework of the Project-type Technical Cooperation Request for cooperation Ex-ante Evaluation Study JICA from recipient country (Consultation on implementation) (JMA) (NMHS) Effectiveness, Efficiency, Impact, Sustainability, Record of Discussion (R/D) or agreement JICA NMHS Implementation agency Dispatch of Experts (JMA) Counterparts personnel Offices, facilities Operation Costs Provision of Equipments, materials Support with Local Costs Technical Training in Japan (JMA) Recipient country (Mid-term evaluation study) Terminal Evaluation Study Japanese side Extension of the validity, and continuation of the cooperation

15 Country Cambodia Technical Cooperation Project (including measures taken by Japanese side) Urgent Rehabilitation and Improvement of Civil Aviation Meteorology (Dispatch of experts, equipment supply) * Minutes between MWRM and SSCA on Aviation Met Services Fiji Meteorology Training (Grant aid to yearly 2-2 month training course in Fiji, dispatch of experts to the training) Laos China Recent Technical Cooperation Projects Mongolia Improvement of Meteorological and Hydrological Services for Lao People s s Democratic Republic (Dispatch of experts, equipment supply, provision of training in Japan) China Japan weather disaster research center (Dispatch of experts, equipment supply, provision of training in Japan) Development of Human Capacity for Weather Forecasting and Data Analysis (Dispatch of experts, equipment supply, provision of training in Japan) Period Sep August 09 August 06 - August 10 May 06 - October 09 Dec June 09 Feb March 08 JPY million 250 (2.2) 275 (2.4) 290 (2.5) 380 (3.3) 277 (2.4)

16 Grant Aid (GA) Cooperation GA provides funds to the governments of developing countries without the obligation of repayment: Primarily to support basic human needs (BHN) such as medical services, public health, water supply and rural and agricultural development, and human resources development, Furthermore, to undertake infrastructure projects for such facilities as road, bridges and telecommunications, instead of ODA loans for LDCs. GA is implemented by MOFA,, assisted by JICA.

17 Recent Grant Aids on Met Services Country Project Date of E/N JPY (USD) million Bangladesh The Project for the Improvement of the Meteorological Radar System at Cox's Bazar and Khepupara (and Moulvibazar in planning) 25 June 2006 ~ 1669 (14.0) Pakistan The project for the Improvement of the Flood Forecasting and Warning System for Lai Nullah Basin 10 August (5.7) Laos The project for Establishment of Disastrous Weather Monitoring System 25 August (6.4) Mongolia The project for Improvement of Meteorological Information Network 11 August (5.0)

18 Recent ODA Projects in Mongolia (GA) The Project for Upgrading of Meteorological Observation and Forecast System in Mongolia 1997 to 1998 JPY 1,069 million (GA) The Project for Improvement of Meteorological Information Network 2003 to 2004 JPY 578 million (TC) Development of Human Capacity for Weather Forecasting and Data Analysis 2005 to 2008 JPY 277 million

19 Grant Aid Process (Prior to Signing the E/N) 1. Request for aid (NMHS) (JMA) 4. Onsite survey 2. Report via diplomatic channels, distribution of relevant documentation 3. Liaison JMA 5. Analysis and exam. 7. Consultation with developing country, instruction and reports 6. Consultation 8. Cabinet Decision 9. Instruction to sign Exchange of Notes Consultations Signing

20 ODA Loans Aid (Yen loans) Yen loans provide funds to develop and improve the economic and social infrastructure necessary to support self-help efforts and sustainable economic development for developing countries at low interest rates with long repayment periods Major part of Yen loans are currently dealt by JBIC (Japan Bank for International Cooperation), and will be dealt by JICA.

21 Recent Example of ODA Loan for Enhancing Meteorological Services A recent case in point is the road traffic management system installed for the Bishkek-Osh Road Rehabilitation Project of Kyrgyz Republic under the loan of Japan Bank for International Cooperation (JBIC). The Ministry of Transport and Communications (MOTC) and the Ministry of Ecology and Extraordinary Situation in the person of General Department of Hydrometeorology (GDH) of Kyrgyz have agreed on mutual cooperation on operation of VSAT Weather Monitoring and Communication System as part of the management system.

22 Road Traffic Management System in the Bishkek-Osh Road Rehabilitation Project of Kyrgyz Republic BISHKEK-OSH Road Rehabilitation Project Procurement of Safety Measure Emergency Equipment: General Hydro-meteorological Department, Ministry of Economy and Extraordinary Situation Road Condition Management System Avalanche Warning System

23 Summary In order to further mobilize resources for sustainable development of NMHSs, it is indispensable to: strengthen partnership/collaboration with relevant governmental authorities, effectively appeal socio-economic benefits such as disaster prevention/mitigation and protection of the environment, develop sustainable operation plan with necessary capacity building, and exchange informal and frank views with PRs or advisors to PR.

24 Thank you