4.5 Israel - trend

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1 1 Overall review of EU Member States and Associated countries COUNTRY PROFILE IL - Israel Progress towards increasing the R&D intensity The most recent figures for Israel on R&D intensity are 4.27% for 2009, which is the highest intensity in the world. The evolution of R&D intensity in Israel fluctuated over the period with a slight increase. However, contrary to the EU average, since 2007 there has been a downward trend, partly reflecting a low average annual growth rate of public R&D expenditures as% of GDP. Concerning the overall public and private expenditure of R&D (GERD), Israel has had an annual average growth rate of 2.8% over the period , which is slightly above the EU average and the US growth of 2.5% and 2.4% respectively. Even if the associated countries to the European research cooperation do not form part of the Europe 2020 strategy of the European Union, certain countries do envisage fixing an objective for research investment and initiatives for fast growing innovative enterprises. This strategy could be justified if based on a consultation with the stake in the country. ISRAEL R&D Intensity projections, (1) Israel - trend 4.0 R&D Intensity (%) EU (2) - target 2.0 EU - trend Source: DG Research and Innovation Innovation Union Competitiveness Report 2011 Data: DG Research and Innovation, Eurostat Notes: (1) The R&D Intensity projections based on trends are derived from the average annual growth in R&D Intensity for (2) EU: This projection is based on the R&D Intensity target of 3.0% for Research and Innovation Performance Israel is a relatively knowledge-intensive country, with strong business sector dynamics. Israel's main strengths are the research-intensity of its private sector, as indicated in a very high business expenditure on R&D and patenting activity. The report shows that Israel has also increased its EPO patenting activity between 2000 and 2007, to reach the highest share of EPO patent applications per billion GDP. Considering high-tech EPO patent applications, Israel holds the third place, behind Finland and Sweden. A weaker dimension is the dynamics of human resources for research, with a lower ratio of new doctoral graduates per thousand population in a comparable age group. The quality of the scientific production in Israel, counting a ratio of 12.9% of the scientific articles among the 10% most cited worldwide, is higher than the EU average, but below that of the United States.

2 COUNTRY PROFILE: IL - Israel 2 ISRAEL R&D profile, 2009 (1) R&D Intensity (Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) as % of GDP) Business enterprise expenditure on R&D (BERD) as % of GDP Public expenditure on R&D as % of GDP New doctoral graduates (ISCED 6) per thousand population aged Scientific publications within the 10% most cited publications worldwide as % of total scientific publications of the country in societal challenges per billion GDP (PPS ) per billion GDP (PPS ) Israel EU United States Innovation Union Competitiveness Report 2011 Source: DG Research and Innovation Data: Eurostat, OD, Science Metrix / Scopus (Elsevier) Notes: (1) The values refer to 2009 or to the latest available year. (2) Elements of estimation were involved in the compilation of the data. The dynamic picture below reinforces the strengths and weaknesses in the Israeli science and innovation system with an enhanced private research system but with a public R&D expenditure showing lower average annual growth compared to the EU and the United States. However, there was a slight reinforcement of the new human resources for research over the period Participation in the European Research Area : Scientific and Technological collaborations Contrary to many other countries in the European Research Area, Israel's scientific cooperation (measured by co-publications) with other European countries is very similar in scope to its technological cooperation (measured by co-patents), showing the noticeable strong patenting activity in Israel. In both scientific and technological cooperation, Israel is well integrated in the European Research Area with partners in almost all European countries. The main scientific partner countries in absolute terms are the larger research countries such as the United Kingdom, Germany, France and Italy. However, the report describes the overall European research and technology cooperation networks, where Israel holds a marginal position in the overall size of co-publication and co-patenting. The centre of the European networks is in the Western and Central part of Europe. FP7 Key facts and figures Applications As of 2011/03/16, a total of 3778 eligible proposals were submitted in response to 248 FP7 calls for proposals involving from Israel (23.68% of Associated Countries) and requesting EUR m of (28.02% of Associated Countries) Among the Associated Countries Israel (IL) ranks : 3 rd in terms of number of and 2 nd in terms of requested rates The IL applicant success rate of 21.5% is lower than the Associated Countries applicant success rate of 23.5%.

3 3 Overall review of EU Member States and Associated countries ISRAEL Average annual growth (%), (1) R&D Intensity (Gross domestic expenditure on R&D (GERD) as % of GDP) per billion GDP (PPS ) (2) Business enterprise expenditure on R&D (BERD) as % of GDP in societal challenges per billion GDP (PPS ) (2) Public expenditure on R&D as % of GDP Scientific publications within the 10% most cited scientific publications worldwide as % of total scientific publications of the country New doctoral graduates (ISCED 6) per thousand population aged Israel EU United States Innovation Union Competitiveness Report 2011 Source: DG Research and Innovation Data: Eurostat, OD, Science Metrix / Scopus (Elsevier) Notes: (1) Growth rates which do not refer to refer to growth between the earliest available year and the latest available year over the period (2) Average annual growth refers to real growth. (3) Elements of estimation were involved in the compilation of the data. ISRAEL Co-publications between Israel and European Countries in

4 COUNTRY PROFILE: IL - Israel 4 ISRAEL Co-invented patent applications between Israel and European Countries, 2007 Source : DG Research and Innovation Data : Eurostat, EPO The IL financial success rate of 16.7% is lower than the Associated Countries rate of 21.7%. Specifically, following evaluation and selection, a total of 842 proposals were retained for funding (22.3%) involving (21.5%) successful from Israel and requesting EUR m (16.7%) of financial Among the Associated Countries, Israel (IL) ranks : 4 th in terms of success rate and 5 th in terms of financial success rate Signed grant agreements As of 2011/03/16, Israel (IL) participates in 754 signed grant agreements involving participants of which 919 (13.66%) are from Israel benefiting from a total of EUR m of financial of which EUR m (15.56%) is dedicated to participants from Israel. Among the Associated Countries in all FP7 signed grant agreements, Israel (IL) ranks : 3 rd in number of participations and 2 nd in budget share SME performance and participation The IL SME applicant success rate of 15.88% is lower than the Associated Countries SME applicant success rate of 20.42%. The IL SME financial success rate of 13.24% is lower than the corresponding Associated Countries rate of 18.51%. Specifically, 1102 IL SME requesting EUR m 175 (15.88%) successful SMEs requesting EUR 51.51m (13.24%) In signed grant agreements, as of 2011/03/16, 126 IL SME grant, i.e., 13.71% of total IL participation EUR 42.32m, i.e., 12.02% of total IL budget share

5 5 Overall review of EU Member States and Associated countries Top 3 collaborative links with DE - Germany (815) UK - United Kingdom (616) IT - Italy (584) FP7 (% Associated Countries) 4790 (23.68%) Req. by FP7 in EUR million (% Associated Countries) (28.02%) 7884 successful FP7 (% Associated Countries) 1030 (21.45%) 4802 Req. by successful FP7 in EUR million (% Associated Countries) (21.62%) rate FP7 21.5% 23.5% rate FP7 16.7% 21.7% FP7 grant (% Associated Countries) 919 (22.46%) 4092 to FP7 grant in EUR million (% Associated Countries) (22.93%) FP7 coordinators (% of grant ) 329 (35.80%) 915 (22.36%) FP7 SME grant (% of grant ) 126 (13.71%) 634 (15.49%) to FP7 SME grant in EUR million (% of grant ) (12.02%) (11.43%) TABLE 1 IL - Israel - Most active FP7 research priority areas by number of applying for the research projects FP7 priority area by mainlisted Rate () by mainlisted Rate (requested ) Information and Communication % % Technologies Marie-Curie Actions 776 n/a % n/a n/a European Research Council % % Health % % Security % % Food, Agriculture and Fisheries, and Biotechnology % %

6 COUNTRY PROFILE: IL - Israel 6 TABLE 2 IL - Israel - Most active FP7 research priority areas by granted to the research projects FP7 priority area Number of grant % of all IL grant (EUR million) % of total to IL ERC % % Information and Communication Technologies % % Marie-Curie Actions % % Health % % Nanosciences, Nanotechnologies, Materials and new Production % % Technologies - NMP Security % % Notes : Report generated on : 2011/03/28.11 :36 AM FP7 proposal and application figures are valid as of 2011/03/16 FP7 grant agreements and participation figures are valida as of 2011/03/16 **E-STAT Reference year : 2007 **European Innovation Scoreboard is available at the website of DG Enterprise and Industry TABLE 3 IL - Israel - Participation in the FP7 research projects by organisation activity type Activity Type by mainlisted rate () by mainlisted rate (requested ) grant to grant % ot total to grant HES % % % PRC % % % PUB % % % R % % % OTH % % % SME % % % HES - Higher or secondary education, PRC - Private for profit (excl. education), PUB - Public body (excl. research and education), R - Research organisations, OTH - Others TABLE 4 IL - Israel - Most active organisations in terms of granted to the FP7 research projects Legal Name Number of Participations % of all IL grant % of total to IL grant The Hebrew University of Jerusalem (HUJI) % % Weizmann Institute of Science (WEIZMANN) % % Technion - Israel Institute of Technology (IIT) % % Tel aviv university (TAU) % % IBM Israel - Science and Technology Ltd (IBM Israel) % %